What is Translation: Definition and 231 Discussions

Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between translating (a written text) and interpreting (oral or signed communication between users of different languages); under this distinction, translation can begin only after the appearance of writing within a language community.
A translator always risks inadvertently introducing source-language words, grammar, or syntax into the target-language rendering. On the other hand, such "spill-overs" have sometimes imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched target languages. Translators, including early translators of sacred texts, have helped shape the very languages into which they have translated.Because of the laboriousness of the translation process, since the 1940s efforts have been made, with varying degrees of success, to automate translation or to mechanically aid the human translator. More recently, the rise of the Internet has fostered a world-wide market for translation services and has facilitated "language localisation".

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  1. T

    Does For All Imply Exists in Quantifier Logic?

    Homework Statement All married couples have fights Homework Equations let x be a person and y be another person M(x,y): x is married to y F(x,y): x have fought y The Attempt at a Solution ∀x∃y(M(x, y) → F(x, y)): i read my translation as "For all x, there is some y such that if x is married...
  2. B

    I Generalizing the translation operator

    If I have the operator, ##e^{a\partial_p}## acting on ##f(p)##, I know that $$e^{a\partial_p}f(p)=f(p+a)\,.$$ If I have ##e^{a\partial_p^2}f(p)##, this is just the Weierstrass transform of ##f(p)##. However, what happens if I have a general operator, ##e^{g(p)\partial_p}## or...
  3. Z

    MHB Understanding the Horizontal Shift in Logarithmic Functions

    If we have log 3 (x+9) + 2 = y. It states that we have a HT 9 units left and 2 units up. But if we manipulate that too log 3 (x+9) = y - 2 And convert to Exp form. This gives me 3^(y-2) = x + 9 or 3^(y-2) - 9 = x This looks to me more like a HT 2 units right and a vt 9 units down. I don't...
  4. hadsox

    Rotating and translating spool across a table

    Homework Statement A uniform spool of mass M and diameter d rests on end on a frictionless table. A massless string wrapped around the spool is attached to a weight m which hangs over the edge of the table. If the spool is released from rest when its center of mass is a distance l from the edge...
  5. T

    Using matrices for functions -- transformations and translation

    Homework Statement Happy new year all. I was wondering if you can use matrices to translate and transform a function? So for example if I were to take the function $$f(x)=x^2+4x$$ and I want to the translate and transform the equation to $$2f(x+4)$$. Can this be done by matrices. I know how...
  6. binbagsss

    I Modular form quick question translation algebra

    Please see attached. I am trying to show that ## T_{p} f (\tau + 1) = T_{p} f (\tau ) ## ##f(\tau) \in M_k ## and so can be written as a expansion as ##f(\tau)=\sum\limits^{\infty}_{0}a_{n}e^{2 \pi i n \tau } ## ##f(\tau + 1) = f(\tau) ## since ##e^{2\pi i n} = 1## Similarly ##f(p\tau + p) =...
  7. binbagsss

    Jacobi Theta Function modularity translation quick q

    Homework Statement I have the Jacobi theta series: ##\theta^{m}(\tau) = \sum\limits^{\infty}_{n=0} r_{m}(\tau) q^{n} ##, where ##q^{n} = e^{2\pi i n \tau} ## and I want to show that ##\theta^{m}(\tau + 1) = \theta^{m}(\tau) ## (dont think its needed but) where ##r_{m} = ## number of ways of...
  8. DAN421

    Converting Rotation to Translation?

    **I am an extreme amateur when it comes to physics, so please forgive me if I use the wrong terminology or my description is incomplete** My washing machine always seems to get out of balance and "walk" across the room during the spin cycle, which led me to think up the following scenario...
  9. J

    Is there an English translation of Jacobi's work on mechanics?

    Hi folks, I am interested in the historical original documents. Newtonian mechanics could be learned from--> Principia and Euler's Mechanica Lagrangian mechanics--> Analytical Mechanics Poisson--> I found his teatrise on mechanics where I expect to find out his "brackets", but I have not yet...
  10. F

    I Rotation and Translation coordinates

    I am currently reading Goldstein's Classical mechanics and come on to this problem. Let q1,q2,...,qn be generalized coordinates of a holonomic system and T its kinetic energy. qk correspondes to a translation of the entire system and qj a rotation of the entire system around some axis, then...
  11. C

    Calculating average velocity for this kind of motion

    Homework Statement For the first half of a straightly traveled path which is α=60° from some reference line, a body is moving with a velocity of v1=72 km/h. During the second half of a straightly traveled path, the body is moving with an angle of β=30° with a velocity of v2=36 km/h.What is the...
  12. D

    Question about the del operator under a translation

    Homework Statement This isn't really a problem. I am just re-reading some section "Classical Mechanics" by John Taylor. I think this belongs in the math section, since my question is mainly about the del operator. There is just one fragment of one sentence that I want to make sure I am...
  13. otaKu

    I Regarding the eigenvalues of the translation operator

    I don't understand what the eigenvalue of a translation operator means physically. The eigenvalues of other operators like momentum and hamiltonian give us the physically measurable values I suppose. Then what exactly do we obtain by the translation eigenvalues? I am new to the field of quantum...
  14. Robin04

    I Time translation symmetry and the Big Bang

    Hi, As I know we now think that time translation is not a symmetry of spacetime because of the Big Bang, so we cannot say that our physical laws are applicable at every point in time. But then isn't the developing of the Big Bang theory against this asymmetry?
  15. B

    Net force =0 or Net force =GM^2/4R^2....?

    Two stars of equal mass M move with constant speed V in a circular orbital of radius R about their common center of mass .What is the net force on each star?the answer to this question was net force=GM^2/4R^2 .I want to ask that why net force not equal to zero although it is in translational...
  16. E

    I First order logic - help with translation algorithm between

    given a dictionary \Sigma = \left \{f(),g(),R(,),c_0,c_1,c_2 \right \} and a sentence \phi over \Sigma, I need to find an algorithm to translate \phi to \psi over \Sigma' where \Sigma' = \left \{Q(,,,), = \right \} (Q is a 4-place relation symbol), so that \psi is valid iff \phi is valid. I...
  17. S

    Understanding Translation Symbology in Scientific Formulas: A Homestudy Guide

    Sorry, 30 years since college and I wasn't awake all the time. I'm trying to translate the symbology in the attached pics. Some of the super/subscripts are throwing me off in formulae 13, 14 and 15. Y and X = planar coordinates of points. n = number of points. σβ = standard error of angle...
  18. coolul007

    Translation of handwriting into readable form

    Please see attached pic. I have received a handwritten document from a physicist. I am not familiar with the equations, therefore the symbols are difficult to figure out. I have done some searches. I know the first symbol is the "time second derivative" and another symbol is the "time...
  19. newjerseyrunner

    Coordinate translation on a rotating plane

    I have this problem where I need to convert from mouse coordinates on the screen with relative coordinates on an object that can be arbitrarily translated, scaled, and rotated around another arbitrary position. I've already normalized all of the units to be the same (pixels) but the trig is...
  20. Einstein's Cat

    Super Translations Explained | Stephen Hawking

    While reading another thread on Stephen Hawking proposal on how information can escape a black hole, I came across the theme of "super translations." Please could someone explain what these are as Google provided no explanation
  21. Cora

    Door Rotation Matrix/Change of Basis Plus Translation

    I think I'm having a really big block over a really small hangup, so forgive me. I'm on an internship and this is my first time working with rotations/change of basis in a real world scenario. I'm creating a calculator that gives torque in a door mechanism, after a given roll and pitch of the...
  22. J

    Translational Motion Vs. Rotational Motion

    Howdy. It has become clear to me that translational motion is not taken into account in general relativity because it is subjective, and that rotational motion is taken into account in GR in places such as the Kerr Metric. What makes rotational motion so absolute? Couldn't an observer's...
  23. L

    Translation operator on ground state

    Homework Statement I am working through a time independent perturbation problem and I am calculating the first order correction to the energy, and I am stuck operating the perturbation : v = i b (Exp[i g x]-Exp[-i g x]) on the ground state |0>. Homework Equations <0| v |0> = 1st order...
  24. Suraj M

    Reverse Translation: Could DNA be Synthesized?

    Is this a true phenomenon?? I just read 1 article, but i don't believe it Could DNA really be synthesized using The amino acid sequence?
  25. F

    Unitary translation operator and taylor expansion

    Homework Statement I have quite a straightforward question on the taylor expansion however I will try to provide as much context to the problem as possible: ##T(a)## is unitary such that ##T(-a) = T(a)^{-1} = T(a)^{\dagger}## and operates on states in the position basis as ##T(a)|x\rangle =...
  26. D

    Translation Operators: Raising & Lowering Equations

    α I have been studying translation operators of the type T = exp ( -ipx0/ hbar) where p is the momentum operator which leads to T+xT = x+x0. I am ok with that but then I came across the following equation concerning raising and lowering operators exp(-alpha a+) a exp(alpha a+) = a + alpha. Is...
  27. R

    Quantum Mechanics: Translation and Wave Function

    Homework Statement Let ##|\psi\rangle \to |\psi'\rangle = \hat{T}(\delta x)|\psi\rangle## for infinitesimal ##\delta x##. Show that ##\langle x \rangle = \langle x \rangle + \delta x## and ##\langle p_x \rangle = \langle p_x\rangle.## Homework Equations ##\hat{T}(\delta x) =...
  28. N

    Translating quantificational logic

    Homework Statement Put the sentence into symbols using the suggested notation. Dolphins and porpoises grin and frolic in the sea. (Dx = x is a dolphin; Px = x is a porpoise; Gx = x grins; Fx = x frolics in the sea) Homework Equations None. The Attempt at a Solution [/B] (\forall...
  29. Y

    Finding area of the affine translation of a rectangle

    Homework Statement Given a rectangle R=[1,3] x [2,4], and the affin translation F : R^2 -> R^2 defined by F(x,y) = (1,3) + A*(x,y), where A is the 2x2 matrix (2 , 7 ; 3 , 1), what is the area of the affin transelation of the rectangle R? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution When I...
  30. A

    Moment of inertia in plane translation

    I have a doubt in my mind regarding moment of inertia.in my textbook a question is somewhat like this The center of a disc of mass 'M' and radius 'R' is at a distance 'd' (here 'd' >'R') from a certain point 'O'.what is the moment of inertia of the disc about an axis perpendicular to the plane...
  31. ddd123

    Hilbert space transformation under Poincaré translation

    This is one of those "existential doubts" that most likely have a trivial solution which I can't see. Veltman says in the Diagrammatica book: Although the reasoning makes perfect sense for a Hilbert space spanned by momentum states, intuitively it doesn't make sense to me, because a...
  32. W

    Twice of supersymmetric transformation = translation

    Hello, I have one conceptual question. I have been working on Supersymmetry. Now, I understand that twice of supersymmetric transformation is equivalent to translation mathematically(naively). However, I don't quite understand why this should be the case conceptually. Supersymmetric...
  33. JonnyMaddox

    Translation from vector calc. notation to index notation

    Hi, I want to translate this equation R_{\hat{n}}(\alpha)\vec{x}=\hat{n}(\hat{n}\cdot\vec{x})+\cos\left(\alpha\right)(\hat{n}\times\vec{x})\times\hat{n}+\sin\left(\alpha\right)(\hat{n}\times\vec{x}) to index notation (forget about covariant and contravariant indices). My attempt...
  34. R

    Interested in Algebraic Geometry and Mathematical Cryptography? Let's Connect!

    I'm finishing a B.S. in math and have been getting a bit more into physics lately. I'm on track for a second major in either physics or Russian, but not super concerned about finishing - I'm applying to grad programs in pure math. I'm particularly interested in algebraic geometry, combinatorics...
  35. L

    Entropy of translation and rotation of a molecules

    Homework Statement Hi all, There is a question from the course book: Homework Equations S=k_B ln W The Attempt at a Solution My solution: So first of all, for each molecule, there are 2 motions: translational and rotational. For rotational I get: W_1 =\Omega \left ( \theta \right ) For...
  36. U

    Solid state physics energy, translation

    Hey, I'm having some trouble understanding why the energy changes here between the blue and red paths (see attached image), it's representing state of an electron in a square lattice crystal. Like mathematically I can see it because obviously plug and chugging the different values k in E(k)...
  37. Z

    MHB Translation of Sentence Into An Equation

    Translate the sentence into an equation. The difference of a number times 8 and 5 is 3. Use the variable c for the unknown number. How do I write this as an equation?
  38. S

    Coordinate Translation Vectors & Covectors

    Vectors and covectors transform differently with Jacobian Matrices inverse of each other. However, what is the general coordinate transformation is a simple translation of coordinates, the Jacobian Matrix will be trivially a delta and contains no information of how much the translation is. How...
  39. M

    How can I compute translation invariance for p in a one dimension wave function?

    Hi everyone, Let \psi (x) be a one dimension wave function. We suppose \langle p \rangle =q How can I compute the new \langle p \rangle when we set \psi _1 (x) := e^{\frac{ip_0x}{\hbar}}\psi (x) I want to comute it with the formula \langle p \rangle=-i \hbar \int \psi _1^*...
  40. L

    Standard deviation translation property proof - confused with property

    I need to prove that $$std(x+c) = std(x)$$ I have been trying to use the properties of the mean such as $$mean(x+c) = mean(x) + c$$ I am confused on the following property of the mean, is this statement correct? $$\sum\limits_{i=1}^{i=N}(x_i - mean(\{x\}))^2 = mean(\{x\}) \\$$ If that is...
  41. O

    MHB Exploring Moments and Products of Inertia in Relation to Center of Mass

    I am working on this problem, they say if moments and products of inertia are computed with respect to the center of mass, the H(c)= -I(yz)ŵe(y) - I(xz)ŵe(x) + I(z)ŵe(z) how can I prove this?
  42. K

    Find the formula for X=tP+sQ under a translation and a rotation

    Homework Statement A group of American physicist works on a project where planar lines are in the form X=tP+sQ, where P and Q are two fixed different points and s, t are varying reals satisfying s+t=1. They need to know formulae for the images of the line X=tP+sQ in the following three cases...
  43. e2m2a

    Gravity and time and space translation asymmetry

    Suppose we have a test mass located at some point above the earth. It is allowed to free fall down toward the earth. It passes through a closed surface. Prior to entering the surface it has an initial momentum pi and initial kinetic energy kei. After leaving the closed surface it has...
  44. M

    Can Someone Help Translate My Japanese Music?

    Pretty please? I know there are people here that can read Japanese, I really would appreciate the help. Sorry it is rotated, I couldn't figure out how to get it changed. Thank you in advance!
  45. S

    ANSYS Maxwell 2D 2dof movement not single line translation

    Dear all, is there anybody knows how to set a 2 degree-of-freedom movement in ANSYS Maxwell 2D transient model? I have two fixed current-excited coils and a free magnet. The magnet should be able to move in a 2D space under the Lorentz forces. However, there are only translation and rotation...
  46. C

    Rotation and translation of basis to remove cross terms

    So in our notes we are given a general quadratic equation in three dimensions of the form: Ax^2 + By^2 + Cz^2 + Dxy + Eyz + Fxz + Gx + Hy + Iz + J = 0 And then they say, by some rotation we can change this to the standard form: Ax^2 + By^2 + Cz^2 + J = 0 The lecturer said don't worry...
  47. K

    Translation operator on a sphere

    I'm considering a system where an electron is subjected to magnetic field which is produced by dirac monopole. Here I'm interested in looking for a translation operator. Now how can I get a translation operator in presence of field and in absence of field.?? I need both the operators. Can...
  48. S

    What is the difference between Boost and Translation?

    As we face in Poincaré Transformation, there are boost and translational symmetry.What is the difference between these two terms?
  49. marcus

    Wieland's thesis foreword in rough German-to-English translation

    Wieland's thesis was posted at tel.archives (the French open-archive website) on 3 March 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/95/24/98/PDF/diss.pdf The title of the 160-page dissertation is The Chiral Structure of Loop Quantum Gravity. It is a noteworthy thesis which could be valuable...
  50. H

    How to understand momentum is the generator of translation ?

    How to understand "momentum is the generator of translation" ? "As it is known from classical mechanics, the momentum is the generator of translation", it is from WIKI, (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momentum_operator) I don't understand its meaning. T(ε) is translation operator, then...
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