What is Translation: Definition and 231 Discussions

Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between translating (a written text) and interpreting (oral or signed communication between users of different languages); under this distinction, translation can begin only after the appearance of writing within a language community.
A translator always risks inadvertently introducing source-language words, grammar, or syntax into the target-language rendering. On the other hand, such "spill-overs" have sometimes imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched target languages. Translators, including early translators of sacred texts, have helped shape the very languages into which they have translated.Because of the laboriousness of the translation process, since the 1940s efforts have been made, with varying degrees of success, to automate translation or to mechanically aid the human translator. More recently, the rise of the Internet has fostered a world-wide market for translation services and has facilitated "language localisation".

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  1. E

    Invariancy of H(x,p) to translation and conservation of momentum

    I have two similar questions. 1. Show the relationship between invariancy of hamiltonian to translation and conservation of momentum. (In QM) 2. Show the relationship between invariancy of hamiltonian to rotation and conservation of angular momentum. (In QM) I have no idea how to prove this...
  2. N

    English translation of Fichtenholz, Integral & differential calculus

    English translation of Fichtenholz, "Integral & differential calculus" I've been recommended the book "Integral & differential calculus, vol I,II,III by G M Fichtenholz."" however I can only find a german version: "Differentialrechnung und Integralrechnung..." Would anyone know if...
  3. Ivan Seeking

    Lingusitics The Unintended Consequence of Language Translation

    A business partner sent me a manual that I need. It was 300 pages of Japanese. :rolleyes: So I used the google language tool to translate a response, that being, wtf is this?, but without the abbreviation, and in Japanese. So I got this: 性交は何をこれであるか。 Returned upon reverse translation...
  4. H

    Combination of translation and rotational motion

    A beginning bowler throws a bowling ball of mass M and radius R=11 cm down the lane with initial speed v0=8.5 m/sec.The ball is thrown in such a way that it skids for a certain distance before it starts to roll.It is not rotating at all when it first hits the lane,its motion being pure...
  5. G

    Rolling and translation motion

    Homework Statement I throw a ball rolling and moving through the a flat surface. I may say that friction is slowing down translation motion, but increasing rotational motion, so when the ball stops moving, why is it not rolling? That's confusing me a bit. What can you say?
  6. T

    Finding the Correct Force for Acceleration in Kinetics of Translation

    Homework Statement A 200kg body is supported by wheels @ B to roll freely w/o friction & by a sled @ A with which uk = 0.5. Compute the value of P to cause an acceleration of 0.02g. (g=9.8m/s^2) NOTE: Image not drawn to scale. http://www.geocities.com/timothybridge/kinOftrans.JPG...
  7. R

    Basic Help - Incoming Force, Rotation and Translation

    Hello, this is my first post in this forum, I hope I've put it in the proper category. I'm currently programming a 3D sci-fi game and would like to simulate a little bit of physics during collisions. Nothing too complicated but I would like to be able to split an incoming force into its...
  8. quasar987

    What is the French Translation of 'Embedded' in Mathematical Literature?

    I know there are many people on Pf who speak french, so I take the chance. What is the french translation (used in the mathematical literature) of "embedded"?
  9. S

    Biology (translation) extremely confused, final is tomorrow

    Homework Statement 8) Suppose the following DNA sequence was mutated from 5'-AGAGAGAGAGAGAGAGAGA to 5'-AGAAGAGAGATCGAGAGA. What amino acid sequence will be generated based on this mutated DNA? A) glu-arg-glu-leu-leu-leu B) ser-leu-ser-leu-ser-leu C) ser-ser-leu D)...
  10. V

    Motion involving both translation and rotation

    Hello everyone. Thanks for all the help today. I know I have asked a lot of questions. This is my last one today. A spherical billard ball is sliding with a speed v_o. It has a radius R, mass M, and there is a friction coefficient mu. Determine the distance the ball travels before it...
  11. P

    Parallel Translation in R^3 & S^2: Contradiction?

    I've been wrestling with this all day, and it's starting to drive me crazy; if you can help me out, please take just a few minutes to read and answer.:smile: I'm looking at S^2 in R^3 (the two dimensional unit sphere in space), and at a large circle going through the north pole as my closed...
  12. G

    Vector components under a translation

    Ok... I am asked how a vector's components transform under a translation of coordinates. From mathworld: Does that imply that the components used to describe the vector remain unchanged? If you and I see a car drive east at 50 Km/h and you are standing at what you call the origin, and I am...
  13. Math Is Hard

    Is This French Translation Accurate for Describing Brittany?

    I am hoping one of our French speakers will wander by and will help me out. I hope I am expressing myself correctly. In my paragraph I want to say: I am sure that you will adore Brittany. There are beautiful cliffs overlooking the sea. Brittany is famous for nice weather. The people of...
  14. S

    Need help combining rotation and translation

    Hello, I'm trying to build a submersible, however for some reason the two propellers attached to opposite sides of the submersible, rotate at different velocities. I figure i might be able to use accelerometer data to help it go straight. My problem is trying to describe the curving almost...
  15. K

    What is the method for finding f(t) for F(s) = (s-1)/(s+1)^3?

    Given: F(s) = (s-1)/(s+1)^3 Find: f(t) Solution: Using the equation that when F(s) = n!/(s-a)^(n=1), L^(-1){F(s)} = t^n*e^(at) So far I find that f(t) = e^(-t)*(-t^2+__) The book says that f(t) = e^(-t)*(t-t^2) How did they get the t?
  16. O

    News English translation of the Danish article?

    I have been searching for an English translation of the article that appeared in Jyllands-Posten last September. I have found the original article in Danish here (without the cartoons): http://politiken.dk/VisArtikel.sasp?PageID=397712" Well, I think this is it but I cannot read it. I...
  17. B

    Show for infinitesimal translation

    PLEASE help asap with quantum physics! Hi there, i need help in a couple of questions that I'm just stumped one of them : A) use induction to show that [ x (hat)^n, p(hat) sub "x" ] = i (hbar)n x(hat)^(n-1) - so far I've figured out this equation is in relation to solve the above eq...
  18. A

    Rolling motion linear and translation equation

    Hello well i have a very basic doubt well when we have a rolling motion and surface is rough then what i used to do was write linear and translation equation and find f (Frictional force) Now is this frictional force same as static friction and can we write is as kmg where k is coeffecient...
  19. S

    Equation of the line given a translation vector (that is coincident) and a point

    Hey, Usually I have a general idea how to tackle a problem when posting on here. This time I am pretty darn lost :( When asked to find the equation of the line that passes through a point (1,1) and maps onto itself under the translation vector a = (3,2). I start with Ax + By + C = 0...
  20. W

    Will Pushing One End of a 2 Light Second Rod Move the Other End?

    Let's say you have a metal rod in space that is 2 light seconds long. If you push one end of the rod, would they other end move 2 seconds later?
  21. G

    Translation of this conversation

    ok, so not that GD needs another thread or anything... but, i really have no idea what to do with this. some guy imed me today, and i have NO idea what he said. i think he said he was speaking in a swiss dialect of german... but i could be wrong. other than that i basically understood nothing...
  22. DaveC426913

    Korean Cartoon Translation: Understanding Humor Across Cultures

    A friend found this cartoon and thought it looked funny, even he has no idea how to read Korean (I'm pretty sure it's Korean, the email address is Korean). Could someone translate? Apologies in advance if the humour turns out to be off-colour or offensive, I can't take any ownership of...
  23. W

    Dominoes: Translation and Rotation

    Hi, I have a few questions about rigid body dynamics. I'm planning on making a 3D domino simulation similar to those domino rally games we all played as kids. I understand that the domino effect can get pretty complicated because it creates a chain of forces, but right now I'm having trouble...
  24. G

    Translation and compression/expansion

    i have a question about translation and compression/expansion y=√x ; y=√2x-5 how do u know u translate 5 units right first or horizontal compression by 1/2 first...?
  25. T

    Atomic Structure: "Long Range" and "Short Range" Translation

    Hi everyone I missed some content in my lecture about atomic structure of atoms. In the lecture, the lecturer talked something about "slipping" , "easy directions" and "slip systems"...I don't really catch these stuff in this lecture. But I could find these in textbook. What makes me most...
  26. I

    Spanish Translation Review: Sara Jessica Parker Fashion

    Hi! I see (on another thread) that we have people who can speak spanish. I'm doing a presentation in Spanish tomorrow, and I just finished the following translation (with google) from English to Spanish. Can someone please check it? English version phone number is not valid. spanish...
  27. kakarukeys

    How to find the generator of translation?

    The Galilei group contains rotations, Galilean transformations, space translation and time translation. It is easy to work out generators for rotations and Galilean transfromations in matrix form. And they obey: [J^i, K^j] = i \epsilon^{ijk}K^k Can one work out the generator for space...
  28. Z

    How Can Angular Momentum Be Described for a Rotating and Translating Disk?

    Hello. Could anyone give me a hint in this problem? There´s a disk (mass m ad radius a) rotating with angular velocity w0 (only rotation). If this disk is translating in xy plane, parallel with the y-axis with its center aligned at x0, how ca I describe the angular momentum L (t), and it´s...
  29. D

    Genetics: transcription translation help

    OK i just want some clarification on what i am doing is right if it is wrong please help me first i have a template strand for a part of a DNA this is TAC CGA TGA CCA TCA GCC TGC now this strand is decoded via the process of transcription into mRNA where it moves to the cytoplasm...
  30. N

    Mathematica The Best Translation of Newton's "Principia" Series - 3 Vols

    "Principia Mathematica" Hi- I was wanting to know about the best translation of Newton's, "Principia" series. I want all three volumes, anyone who has read/bought these please inform me about it. Thanks.
  31. barcat

    Interpreting Physics Grade Sheet: Percentile, Mean%, & SD Explained

    I was wondering if someone could help me interpret a grade sheet I got in physics? Below is a slip that I received after our last quiz. I understand what the first three columns are, but the Percentile, Mean%, and SD is what is comfusing me. I really do not know where I stand, in this class...
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