What is Gas law: Definition and 275 Discussions

[Moderator's note: Recategorized thread to "Basic".] I'm having an issue at work that I think may be down to temperature. I have a sealed chamber that is 1m X 1m X 1.5m. The chamber has to be pressure tested but the results are all over the show. The only variable is temperature. So my...

It is well known that the ideal gas law applies only to an ideal gas, one consisting of particles infinitesimal in size and exhibits no interactions between the particles. Considering an ideal gas, is the ideal gas law valid under non-equilibrium conditions? For example, does the ideal gas law...

If you shake up a bottle of soda and it gets slightly larger because the disturbed gas in solution is trying to expand but cannot, could you use the difference in (THE SMALL AMOUNT THE BOTTLE ACTUALLY SWELLED) and the (POTENTIAL AMOUNT THE GAS WOULD SWELL IF NOT CONTAINED) to determine the...

Homework Statement Homework Equations PV=nRT The Attempt at a Solution not sure if this is the right approach plugging into -ρg gives us -PMg/RT = dP/dy now we have to integrate both sides to find P?

I am studying National 5 physics, and my exam is tomorrow. I need some last-minute help. I'm struggling a little bit with the combined gas law, P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2, and I'm not sure why. It would help me a lot if you could show step-by-step how the formula is used. Thanks for your time, it's very...

Homework Statement Can someone confirm if I answered correctly? Thanks for support and help! a) In the Brownian motion experiment, small particles of matter are seen moving randomly. Give an explanation for this motion. b) Boyle's Law is fundamental when discussing the gas laws. i) State...

Hello, I know this has been fairly discussed to death, but I've had relative trouble finding a response that specifically addresses the n, in PV= nRT, the ideal gas law. Out of relatively common sense, by adding additional moles of gas, the pressure in the gas should increase as there are more...

we can use avogadro's law and gay lussacs law to find atomicity of gases but what about solid elements

Homework Statement Estimate partial pressure of nitrogen in atm in a room where you are at this moment. Use an ideal gas approximation and assume that air is composed of only nitrogen and oxygen. Show how you arrive the final answer in detail. Homework Equations pv=RT, while p stands for...

Here is a screenshot from a page from a textbook that explains how to derive the ideal gas law: In the third bold line, I don't understand how "time" in force = (change of momentum)/(time) is equal to 2x/u (the time it takes for the particle to travel to the opposite face and back again) -- I...

Hi there, I'm considering how the ideal gas law applies in practice in our planet's atmosphere. In particular, I'm considering this form of the law: P = ρRT (1) where P is pressure, ρ is density, R is the gas constant and T is the temperature. I also know that, to a good approximation, the...

Greetings Everyone! I read a very good thread regarding how Ideal Gas Law is used to calculate system work for the electrolysis of water: W = PΔV = (101.3 x 103 Pa)(1.5 moles)(-22.4 x 10-3 m3/mol)(298K/273K) = -3715 J https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/work-of-electrolysis-of-water.756240/...

Homework Statement An air bubble of volume 3.0x10-5m3 escapes from a divers equipment at a depth of 45m where the water temperatures is 5 degrees C. What is its volume as it reaches the surface, where the temperature is 12 degrees C? Atmospheric pressure = 101kPa, density of sea water =...

I am working on a DIY project and want to understand the system/mathematical model of a traditional steam espresso machine. How I have started to think about the problem is a closed container with liquid and gas. At room temperature I know the vapor pressure of the water. As I increase the...

does anyone know how to do this question. it feels like there's a part of the question missing as i don't know how to complete the equation The pressure of a fixed mass of gas in a sealed sphere is measured to be 1.02 x 10^5 Pa at a temperature of 253K. Assuming the volume of the sphere doesn't...

Homework Statement If 1.15 moles of an ideal gas has a pressure of 3.60 atm, and a volume of 81.37 L, what is the temperature of the sample in degrees Celsius? Homework Equations PV=nRT p = pressure v = volume n = number of moles r = 0.08206 L atm/(mol K) T = ? The Attempt at a Solution So I...

How does one derive the combined gas law rigorously from Boyle's Law, Charle's Law and Gay-Lussac's law? I started out as follows (I will be using ##P## for pressure, ##T## for absolute temperature, and ##V## for volume - for constants I will use subscripts to denote the parameter on which the...

Homework Statement Determine how many grams of Mg must react with HCl in order to produce 40 mL of hydrogen gas at 22 degrees Celsius and 1.02 bar. Also, If the Mg ribbon weighs 0.836 mg/mm, how many mm of the ribbon will you require? Homework Equations PV=nRT Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) -->...

Hello everyone, I have an rather large piston-cylinder containing gas that is compressed when the piston extends. Using three sensors I am measuring the pressure, temperature and volume of the gas while I force the piston out using a winch. The system is closed and no gas is released or added...

Homework Statement for one mole of an ideal gas this relation holds good P= P0 /{1+(V0/V)^2}, where P0and V0 are constants, what will be its change in temperature in terms of P0,V0 and R, if volume is doubled? Homework Equations for one mole of ideal gas we know PV=RT Then...

1. Gaseous compound Q contains only xenon and oxygen. When 0.100 g of Q is placed in a 50.0 mL steel vessel at 0 °C, the pressure is 0.229 atm. When the vessel and its contents are warmed to 100 °C, Q decomposes into its constituent elements. What is the total pressure, and what are the partial...

Homework Statement 5. A large cylinder with a diameter of 3.00 m and a height of 3.50 m is closed at the upper end and open at the lower end. It is lowered from air into sea water with the air initially at 20.0°C and then to a depth of 75.0 m. At this depth the water temperature is 4.0°C, and...

Homework Statement A cylinder fitted with a movable piston contains ideal gas at 27C, pressure .5 x 10^5 Pa, and volume 1.25 m^3. What will be the final temperature if the gas is compressed to .8 m^3 and the pressure rises to .82 x 10^5 Pa. A) 125 C B) 154 C C) 246 C D) 67.7 C E) 41.8...

Homework Statement Here is the problem: You are worried that your -80C freezer is on the fritz. Unfortunately you do not have a thermometer. You do have a balloon. so, you blow up the balloon and measure that it has a diameter of 10cm when at 25C. you put it in the freezer, let it come to...

Homework Statement Hi can someone please have a look at this question and let me know if I am on the right track, thanks. A diesel engine requires no spark plug; instead the air in the cylinder is compresses so highly the fuel ignites spontaneously on injection to the cylinder. Q. If the air...

Homework Statement An ideal gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a movable piston at the top. The walls of the cylinder are insulated, so no heat can enter or exit. The gas initially occupies volume V1 and has pressure p1 and temperature T1. The piston is then moved very rapidly to a volume of...

A spherical helium balloon 11 m in diameter is at ambient temperature and pressure, 15 degrees Celsius and 100 kPa. How much helium does it contain? It can list a total mass of balanced atmospheric air. How much mass of the balloon fabric & cage can then be lifted? Here is my work but I'm...

Hi all...! Gas laws. Sorry about the simplicity of the question, but that should make it easy :) I have two rigid containers open to air. One is 10 times the volume of the other. I cap each. I increase the temperature of each, 50 degrees. What can I say about the pressure inside the...

Homework Statement The pressure of a non-interacting, indistinguishable system of N particles can be derived from the canonical partition function P = k_BT\frac{∂lnQ}{∂V} Verify that this equation reduces to the ideal gas law. The Attempt at a Solution I have a very poor...

Homework Statement Air is pumped into a bicycle tire. The 43 moles of air initially in the tire have a gauge pressure of 1 atm. How many moles of air must be pumped into the tire in order to raise the gauge pressure to 5 atm? Assume that the volume and temperature of the air inside the tire...

Homework Statement 1. When the following reaction proceeds, what will be true? 2A(g) + 3B(g) -> 4C(g) (1) The temperature will increase at constant P and V. (2) The volume will increase at constant T and P. (3) The pressure will increase at constant T and V. (4) The density will...

The ideal gas law states that PV = nRT where P is the pressure in atmospheres, V is the volume in litres, n is the number of moles, R = 8.314 L
atm/K
mol is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvins. Suppose that at a specific instance that two moles of gas is under 5 atmospheres of...

Homework Statement Is the ideal gas law, PV = mRT, only applicable to processes which are carried out isothermally? I mean, can it not be applied to a polytropic process, PVn = k.Homework Equations See above.The Attempt at a Solution N.A.

Homework Statement A sample containing only NO2 and SO2 has a total pressure of 120 torr. Measurements show that the partial pressure of NO2 is 43 torr. If the vessel has a volume of 800.0 ml and the temperature is 22.0°C, how many moles of each gas are present?Homework Equations PV = nRT The...

Homework Statement Air inside a sealed tin can is initially at a pressure of 200 kPa and temperature of 20 ◦C. The tin can is known to burst at a pressure of 500 kPa. If the pressure is raised through heating, at what temperature will it burst? If you used an air compressor to pump up the...

Hi forums. I have what I think is a simple question but I'm making myself confused. I'm trying to work out the relationship between energy density ( u = energy per unit volume ) and temperature in a multi-species ideal gas (no molecules just different mass ions). The simplest example of...

Hi! I am trying to understand the statistical mechanics derivation of the ideal gas law shown at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_gas_law inder "Derivations". First of all, the statement "Then the time average momentum of the particle is: \langle \mathbf{q} \cdot \mathbf{F} \rangle=...

QUESTION: Say I have the following equilibrium reaction CO+\frac{1}{2}O_2\leftrightharpoons CO_2 The stoichiometric mixture of CO and $O_2$ in a closed vessel, initially at 1 atm and 300K, is exploded. Calculate the composition of the products of combustion at 2500K and the gas pressure. Take...

After watching this video at the end when he gave the example of PV=nRT and he explained that T and n decreases he went on to explain P and V. Prior to this I would have thought that the ideal gas equation required all but one unknown variable to check if the unknown variable has either...

Homework Statement You are given a closed container containing a single atom ideal gas. The volume is V1= 0,45*10^(-3) m^3 Pressure p1 is 3,2 MPa Temperature, T1, is 892 K The volume of the gas is increased to V2= 8*V1 Find the pressure and temperature after the increase of volume...

The ideal gas law states that the pressure P, volume V , and temperature T of a gas are related by PV = NkT where N is the number of molecules of gas, and k is Bolzmann's constant, about 1.38 10^-23 J/K where J is Joules and K is Kelvins. Say that I have 10^24 molecules of gas. The gas...

Homework Statement Calculate the gas' mechanical work on its environment for the thermodynamic process path IF. Solution says: 505 J Homework Equations W=\int_i^f p,dv i = Vi, initial volume f = Vf, final volume The Attempt at a Solution My approach is to find a...

Homework Statement A 32.0 mL sample of hydrogen is collected over water at 20°C and 750.0 torr pressure. What is the volume of the dry gas at STP? (vapor pressure of water at 20°C = 17.5 torr) Homework Equations Ptot = Pdry + Pwet P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 The Attempt at a Solution...

A balloon is filled up with air to a volume of 1.15 L at 296.5 K.* What does the volume change to if the balloon is taken outdoors where the temperature is 278.4 K and the pressure is half of what it was indoors? V2 = (P1V1T2) / (T1P2) How do I find the initial pressure at 296.5 K if I...

Hi all. I'm trying to become acquainted with thermal dynamics. I thought I had a fairly good handle on the idea gas law, PV=nRT, or PV=mRT, but I came across a problem involving the throttling of an idea gas, and the solution was totally not what I expected. Referring to picture where gas...

Hi All, I would like to understand a little more about the following equation moles = \frac{Mass(g)}{Molar Mass} I know that this is to calculate the Moles for use in the ideal gas law equation PV=n \times R \times T Lets say I had to find two variable in the ideal gas law...

Perhaps I have some mental block with basic algebra (so don't judge me on that), but... Here is a simple high-school level question regarding ideal gas laws: If I have two fixed chambers "a" and "b", both of equal volume connected in the middle with a compressor, and I compress gas taken...

How does surface area affect pressure, since pressure is defined by \frac{Force}{Area}, and specifically how does this work with the Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT)? I would think that surface area and pressure have an inverse relationship, as to pressure and volume. But what if you had gas-filled...

Homework Statement The ideal gas law from chem is PV = nRT. A process carried out at const. pressure is said to be isobaric. A process carried out at const. temperature is said to be isothermal. A.) Using limits and the ideal gas law and assuming const. number of moles, show that that the...

[b]1.A Jaguar XK8 convertible has an eight-cylinder engine. At the beginning of its compression stroke, one of the cylinders contains 493cm^3 of air at atmospheric pressure (1.01*10^5 Pa) and a temperature of 27.0 degress celcius . At the end of the stroke, the air has been compressed to a...