What is Box: Definition and 1000 Discussions

A box (plural: boxes) is a type of container or rectangular prism used for the storage or transportation of its contents. The size of a box may vary, from the very smallest (such as a matchbox) to the size of a large appliance, and can be used for a variety of purposes ranging from the functional to the decorative.
Boxes may be made of a variety of typically durable materials, such as wood and metal, though common non-durable materials include corrugated fiberboard and paperboard. Corrugated metal boxes are commonly used as shipping containers. Boxes made of cardboard can be degraded and therefore are not bad for the environment.
Boxes are typically rectangular in shape with a rectangular cross-section, though a box may also have a square, elongated, circular or oval appearance; boxes may also feature sloped or domed top surfaces, or vertical edges, and are not consistently made in a square fashion. Square and rectangular boxes are still much more common than its other various shapes that it could come in.
Boxes may be closed and shut with flaps, doors, or a separate lid. They can be secured shut with adhesives, tapes, or more decorative or elaborately functional mechanisms, such as a catch, clasp or lock.

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  1. I

    If a force is applied to a box, and the box is not displaced, no work

    If a force is applied to a box, and the box is not displaced, no work is done on the box, right? But to apply the force, don't you use up calories which is a unit of energy?
  2. edpell

    Hydrogen molecule in a small box, thought experiment

    What would happen if we placed a hydrogen molecule in a box with sides less than the Bohr diameter. That is, a box so small the electrons could not orbit around the protons at a distance of a Bohr radius. What state would the two electrons and two protons take?
  3. A

    Particle in a Box: Calculating P from 0 to 0.2 nm

    Homework Statement What is the probability, P, of locating a particle between x = 0 (the left-hand end of a box) and x = 0.2 nm in its lowest energy state in a box of length 1.0 nm? Homework Equations Probability = ∫ψ2dx ψ = (2/L)1/2sin(n∏x) The Attempt at a Solution ψ2 =...
  4. S

    Thermodynamics: Heating a Rectangular Box

    Homework Statement This question is from a thermodynamics test from a previous science olympiad competition that I am using to study from for a future test. "Consider two neighboring rectangular houses built from the same materials. One of the houses has twice the length, width, and height...
  5. P

    The average distance between two particles in a 1d box

    Homework Statement (i) Write an expression for the wave function of 2 particles in a 1D box. Assume that their masses are the same, m, and that the box size is a = 1. What are the energy states? (Comment: The particles are distinguishable) (ii) Write an expression for the average distance...
  6. M

    Box on a table connected by cable(dynamic)

    Homework Statement A box on a friction less table is connected by a cable to a second, hanging 10.0kg box. The cable has no mass, does not stretch and the pulley is friction less . m2 accelerates 2.0m/s/s downwards Homework Equations F= maThe Attempt at a Solution Fnet=m1a T= M1a Fnet=m2a...
  7. S

    Waves in a one dimensional box

    Alright so I'm clueless. I've read the chapter and the concept of a one dimensional box is never mentioned before this problem. I'm thinking i have to integrate some stuff but i have no idea where to begin. Any help?
  8. R

    Creating a Low-Friction Box with Magnetic Tracks

    Hello all, This is my first post here, so please let me know if I'm not in the right section, as I wasn't 100% sure if this was the right place. I'm making a box that can change volume quickly with an actuator for a small project. But I need to minimize the friction in moving the wall of the...
  9. A

    Probability of finding a particle in a box

    Homework Statement Consider ψ (x) for a particle in a box: ψn(x) = (2/L)1/2sin(n∏x/L) Calculate the probability of finding the particle in the middle half of the box (i.e., L/4 ≤ x ≤ 3L/4). Also, using this solution show that as ''n'' goes to infinity you get the classical solution of...
  10. V

    Finding the Initial Rate of Gas Leakage from a Small Hole in a Cubic Container

    Homework Statement A cubic container with sidelength l has a small hole with cross sectional area a (a<<l). The gas has density ρ and pressure P. Find the initial rate of gas leakage given that the outside pressure is 0. Homework Equations The question mentions the formula p=ρc2/3 so...
  11. M

    Quantam Mechanic - Particle in a rigid one-d box (PDF)

    Homework Statement Write down and sketch the probability distribution for the second excited state (n=3) of a particle in a rigid box of length a. What are the probabilities of finding a particle in the intervals [0.50a, 0.51a] and [0.75a, 0.76a]? Homework Equations |ψ(x)|^2 =...
  12. J

    Mirror Box & Daylight: What Happens?

    If you had box where the inside was lined with mirrors and you closed the box in daylight, would inside of the box contain the light and be lit up? (Assuming no light was absorbed the edges or elsewhere).
  13. A

    How much charge is enclosed by the box?

    1. A box with a side of length L=2.54 cm is positioned with one of its corners at the origin of a rectangular coordinate system. There is a uniform electric field E= 4 N/C(i) + 5 N/C(j) + 6 N/C(k). How much charge is enclosed by the box? 2. I believe I should be using Gauss's Law...
  14. S

    What is the electric field in a thin slab with uniform charge distribution?

    Homework Statement 4.10.4 Thin Slab Let some charge be uniformly distributed throughout the volume of a large planar slab of plastic of thickness d. The charge density is ρ. The mid-plane of the slab is the y-z plane. (a) What is the electric field at a distance from the mid-plane when |x| <...
  15. L

    Calculating the average divergence of the flow of fluid in a box.

    Homework Statement A cube of side 5cm is placed in a fluid. For the following velocity values, calculate the average divergence of the flow. Is there a source or sink within this box? The velocities are given in cm/s. The cube is oriented so that the +z axis exits the front face, the +x axis...
  16. V

    Auto correlation function for water molecules in a box

    I have simulated a box water molecules (1500 water molecules) using molecular dynamics method in NpT ensemble. I got the time auto-correlation function (C(t) vs t, time) where its function line is parallel to x-axis. Which means the C(t) is zero. I understand the water molecules are...
  17. W

    The average temperature in the box

    Homework Statement Im not really sure were I am going wrong in the problem there was a similar one in the textbook examples with a different temperature function and they just divided by 4. I really don' t know how my integration is wrong either please help the function if you can't read it...
  18. S

    Finding the average height, z, of molecules in the box

    Homework Statement Let a box of height h be filled with classical ideal gas molecules of mass m in a constant gravitational filed g. As will be shown later, the distribution molecular height z obeys: f(z) = C exp (-mgz/KT) Where C is the normalization constant a) find the average height...
  19. R

    Black Box, Time-Dependent Current & Potential Rise

    Homework Statement Consider a black box which is approximately a 10-cm cube with two binding posts. Each of these terminals is connected by a wire to some external circuits. Otherwise, the box is well insulated from everything. A current of approximately 1 amp flows through the circuit element...
  20. J

    Probability using box and whisker

    The question: A box and whisker plot is made from the lengths of 39 salmon. No two lengths are the same. Two of the salmon are picked at random. What is the probability that they will both be longer than the lower quartile value. My solution: x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x...
  21. E

    Expression for Torsion Constant of Varying Thickness Box Section

    Hello Everyone, I am after an expression for the torsion stiffness constant of a rectangular hollow section (RHS) with varying wall thickness. I have done some research into finding an expression that allows for four varying wall thicknesses but have not found anything as of yet. The only...
  22. A

    Particle in 1D Box: Relationship to Probability & Energy

    Homework Statement I have a question: what's the relationship between the probability of finding the particle and the particle's energy? if x is the same. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution the first question i had 30% for ground state 2nd energy level i got 2% 3rd...
  23. D

    Ground level energies (Particle in a box vs Harmonic Osc.)

    Hello. I have a tiny question that has confused me. Currently I'm reading about potential wells, harmonic oscillators, the free particle in quantum physics. If I just take the particle in a box as an example you have a region where the potential is zero, and you have some walls/boundaries...
  24. karush

    MHB Max dimensions of box template

    find the dimensions of the largest rectangular box with a square base and no top that can be made from out of $1225 in^2$ of material. well, this might be over simplified but since the volume is max of cube to the a surface area I thot making a cube out of the material would be max volume...
  25. P

    Time for block of ice to reach 20 C in an isolating box.

    Hi, Homework Statement I am trying to find how long it will take 8 kg of ice whose temperature is -10 C, kept in a sealed isolating box placed in room temperature (25 C), to turn into water whose temp. is 20 C. The box is a cube whose side is 20 cm, the thickness of the box is 2 cm, and κ =...
  26. B

    Broken Geometry (Cylindar) Fit Inside a Box

    I have a pretty simple math problem that has been giving me the biggest headache. So what I need to do is optimize the space that I am using. Thus I have a piece that can be seen like a 20 inch in diameter cylinder that is 6 inches tall. I would like to be able to break it into as few pieces as...
  27. A

    Expectation value of momentum times position particles in a box

    Homework Statement What is the expectation value of <p*x> aka the momentum times the position operator, for a particle in a box. Homework Equations Psi(x) = root(2/l) sin (n∏x/l) P= -ih(bar)d/dx X=x The Attempt at a Solution All integrals are from 0 to L I'm typing this on a playbook so I...
  28. D

    Confused by "mv^2/L" - Average Force on Wall in Box

    Hey guys! I find it confusing to prove "mv^2/L", the average force acted by the air molecules on a wall in a box. My textbook tells me an assumption "the time during each molecules colliding with the wall of the container is negligible compared with the time elapsed between successive collision"...
  29. B

    Particle in a box and Heisenberg Uncertainty principle paradox?

    Say you have a particle in a one-dimensional box of length L. The particle can only have momentum values of the form p_{n} = \frac{nh}{2L} according to the De Broglie standing wave condition. Now say I don't measure the position of the particle, but I know for certain that it is in the box...
  30. I

    How Does Time Affect Particle Probability in an Infinite Potential Box?

    An "infinite potential box" This equation describes a particle in an "infinite potential box" with the width L, i.e.: Note that I do not know if it would be called an infinite potential box in English, but basically the particle can only be found within this space; outside of this the...
  31. W

    Rate of change of volume of a rectangular box

    Homework Statement How fast is the volume of a rectangular box changing when the length = 6 cm, width = 5 cm and depth = 4 cm and the length and height are increasing at a rate of 1 cm/s and width is decreasing at a rate of 2 cm/s. Homework Equations Volume of a rectangle = l*w*h The...
  32. R

    What is the largest n dimensional box that can fit inside a sphere?

    in ℝn what is the largest n-dimensional box that can fit into the (n-1) sphere
  33. C

    How Is Work Calculated When Pushing a Box Up a Frictionless Ramp?

    Homework Statement Suppose you lift a 23kg box by a height of 1.0m. How much work do you do in lifting the box? 230 J Instead of lifting the box straight up, suppose you push it up a 1.0 -high ramp that makes a 30 degree angle with the horizontal. Being clever, you choose a ramp with no...
  34. C

    Changing size particle in a box

    Homework Statement there is a infinite quantum well with size L and there is a particle in it with mass m. suddenly the size of the quantum well is doubled. What will be the wave function at a later time t ? Homework Equations ψ= \sqrt{2/L} sin (n pi x / L) E = n^2 pi^2 h^2 / 2mL^2...
  35. C

    How Is Force Exerted by a Classical Particle in a Box Calculated?

    Homework Statement how can we find the force particle exert on the walls for classical particle which is the infinite quantum well of length L and particle mass is m? Homework Equations E=h^2 pi^2 n^2 / (2ml^2) for quantum The Attempt at a Solution and F = -dE / dL = h^2 pi^2 n^2...
  36. E

    Electron in a one-dimensional box emitting a photon

    Homework Statement An electron in a one-dimensional box emits a photon when it moves from energy level E4 to E2. Find the wavelength of the emitted photon. Length of the box L = 0.300 nm Homework Equations En = n2E1 E1 = \frac{h^2}{8mL^2} λ = \frac{hc}{E_i - E_f} The Attempt at a Solution...
  37. L

    Bohr's response to the Einstein box

    During one of the Einstein-Bohr debates, Einstein proposed a thought experiment that would prove that one could measure time and energy simultaneously. It's known as the Einstein box: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr%E2%80%93Einstein_debates#Einstein.27s_second_criticism Then Bohr came up...
  38. B

    Box moving up a slope by a force

    A 40.8 kg box is being pulled up a 13.5 deg slope by a force of 294 N which is parallel to the slope. The coeffcient of kinetic friction between the box and the slope is 0.21. what is the acceleration of the box? ----------------------------------------------------- Equations: F=MA, Fk=μk(MA)...
  39. M

    What is the Effect of Heat on Alpha Particles in a Closed Box?

    Ok, so I am currently building a cloud chamber for a major presentation in the area of Thermodynamics (or Energy and Temperature) and I've been thinking quite a bit about this theory...and i could be wrong...so don't tell me off about it... So the general physics of a cloud chamber, Isopropyl...
  40. A

    What is the mechanism behind the weight of a box of photons?

    Supposing two cubic containers with perfectly reflective interior surfaces. In one there is 1 mole of some gas and in the other is an equivalent number NA of photons of some frequency. We put the gas on a scale and the scale registers the total weight (mass) of the enclosed gas. But...
  41. B

    Pushing a box across a horizontal floor

    Homework Statement A man wants to push a cardboard box 60 kg along a floor by applying force F in a direction 40 degrees above horizontal. Coefficient of static friction between box and floor is .7. a) Determine F if box is on verge of moving. b) Based on part A, determine acceleration...
  42. L

    Find Center of Mass for an open box Confused about steps for this problem

    Homework Statement An appliance box has a square base with sides of length L, and has rectangular sides with a height of 3L. The top of the box is missing. The box is made from cardboard of uniform thickness and density. What is the height of the center of mass of this open box, with respect...
  43. H

    Understanding Group Velocity for Wave Packets in a 1-D Particle in Box

    I have difficulty understanding the exact concept of group velocity. Consider a wave packet as a linear combination of a number of eigenstates of a 1-D particle in box. The dispersion curve(\omegaversus k) is composed of discrete points located on a parabola. Well, for each point one can...
  44. mishima

    What is the box in particle in a box?

    Hi, I am trying to demonstrate the relation between quantization of energy and wavelengths in a confined box for high school chemistry students. I am following an approach found in Atkins' "Chemical Principles". Anyways, its quite understandable, but I get the feeling maybe the box isn't...
  45. C

    Quantum particle in a rigid box with 2 given wavefunctions solving for energies

    I have a quantum problem that I can't seem to figure out: There's an electron in a 1-D rigid box of length 2A but it is known to reside in a central segment of 1A with uniform probability of residing within this segment. There are two possible wavefunctions: one with constant phase...
  46. Z

    How do I determine the tipping angle of a box on a truck?

    Homework Statement A truck is loaded with a large box, which is a uniform rectangular solid 1.8 m tall, 1.0 m wide, and 1.2 m deep. The box sits upright on a truck with its 1.0 m dimension in the direction of travel, and the bed of the truck is sufficiently rough that the load cannot...
  47. D

    Box moving on a decelerating truck?

    Homework Statement A truck with a steel bed carries a wooden box, where μs = 2μk. The box of mass m is in the middle of the bed of length l. If the truck is moving forward with velocity vo but is slowing down, determine the maximum distance the truck can take to stop before the box hits the...
  48. S

    Work done by friction on a box

    Homework Statement i've been stuck on this problem for about 45mins. A constant external force P = 160 N is applied to a 20 kg box,which is on a rough horizontal surface. The force pushes the box a distance of 8.0 m, in a time interval of 4.0 s, and the speed changes from v1 = 0.5 m/s to v2 =...
  49. D

    What Is the Probability of Finding a Quantum Particle in a Section of a 1D Box?

    Homework Statement A quantum particle is free to move in a infinite 1d potential well of length L excited on the second excited state n=3.What is the probability to locate the particle between 0 and L/3. Homework Equations ∫ψ^2=1 ψ=sqrt(2/L)sin(n∏x/L) The Attempt at a Solution...
  50. B

    Has path of a standing wave confined in a metal box been measured and described?

    Has path of a standing wave confined inside a metal box been measured and described? I'm thinking path is circular, or, oscillates/bounces back and forth like a pendulum. I'm thinking of a standing wave moving inside a metal rectangular box. Has the path of a standing wave inside a...
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