What is Independent: Definition and 744 Discussions
The Independent is a British online newspaper that was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the Indy, it began as a broadsheet and changed to tabloid format in 2003. The last printed edition was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only the online edition.It tends to take a pro-market stance on economic issues. The newspaper was controlled by Tony O'Reilly's Irish Independent News & Media from 1997 until it was sold to the Russian oligarch and former KGB Officer Alexander Lebedev in 2010. In 2017, a Saudi Arabian investor bought a 30% stake in it.In June 2015, the newspaper had an average daily circulation of just below 58,000, 85% down from its 1990 peak, while the Sunday edition had a circulation of just over 97,000. The daily edition was named National Newspaper of the Year at the 2004 British Press Awards. The website and mobile app have a combined monthly reach of 22,939,000.
Hi all,
I'm performing an optimization of a mechanism composed of several planar four-bar linkage. I'm at a standstill in understanding which are the independent parameters for tracing a four-bar linkage mechanism in a specific configuration. Looking at this picture
In my hopinion, the...
Hi there!
A Hilbert space E is spanned by a set S if E is generated by the element of S.
It is well known that in the finite dimensional case that
S spans E and S is linearly independent set iff the set S form a basis for E.
The question is that true for the infinite dimensional...
For some non-linear 3D function, let's say I want to take the partial derivative for x where y is constant. Each point for Z will be different of course since it's non-linear.
So let's say I plug in an X of 3 where Y is constant for some function and I get a slope of 5 as my answer. Is it...
Homework Statement
The probability of a student losing his library card is X each time he goes to the library. He goes to a different library 5 times a week, starting from Monday and ending on Friday.
1)At the end of the day on Thursday, he finally checks his wallet and realizes his library...
For the last step in the derivation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we have the following equation
0=\int \eta^*(gNh\phi+gN^2\phi^*\phi^2-N\mu\phi)\ dV+\int (N\phi^*h+gN^2(\phi^2)^*\phi-N\mu\phi^*)\eta\ dV,
where \eta is an arbitrary function, g,N,\mu are constants, h is the hamiltonian for...
I remember a long time ago I read or watched something that talked about a guy that had a three story antenna and he was using a tesla based circuit to draw enough electrical power to power his household- for free. I recently ran across this
[crackpot link deleted]
nowwww, I also ran across...
Hi guys,
I have this doubt but i am not sure, if i have an uniform distibution can i conclude that the events or random variables are independent?
Thank you
Hi everyone,
I was watching an MIT OpenCourseWare video where the lecturer describes the problem of a rulers motion on a frictionless surface after being subjected to a 'short' impulse orthogonal to the long axis of the ruler.
(sorry as a new user I can't post images, youtube 'MIT torque...
Hi I am trying to do this problem. Verify that \( y_1=x^3 \) and \(y_2=|x|^3 \) are linearly independent solutions of the diff. equation
\( x^2y''-4xy'+6y=0\) on the interval \((-\infty,\infty) \). Show that \( W(y_1,y_2)=0 \) for every real number x.
I could actually show the above by...
Hey everybody!
I will be attending Notre Dame this following fall, and I am hoping to major in physics, as well as research (I haven't really decided what I will to focus on, esp. at the graduate level, but I hope I can figure that out later on down the road).
Over the summer, I want to...
Supposing X, Y and Z are three mutually independent continuous random variable, is multiplication X*Y and X*Z still independent? If yes, please prove it; if no, please come up with a counterexample. Thanks a lot!
Hello. I'm trying to understand why P(A|B) ≠ (PA) given that the events are indepent is this case. I am not sure if my working out is correct but the answer is 1/8 in the answer section.
Events A and B are defined in the sample space S. The events A and B are independent.
P(A) = 0.3, P(B) =...
Hello,
I was wondering if anyone had any good ideas on a topic or course that I could take next Fall as an independent study? I will be taking Number Theory this summer and Real Analysis, Abstract Algebra and either Numerical Analysis or Complex Analysis next Fall.I spoke to one of my...
Has anyone heard of an independent study for freshman/sophomore students for physics/engineering majors?
What are your perspectives on it? Is it too early? Or is it a good to have?
I ask because I spoke to one of the faculty members about it-- and he replied that it is too early. He wasn't...
Homework Statement
Hello!
I am currently stuck with a time independent Schrodinger equation where the potential "V(x)" is hyperbolic in nature. I was wondering if anyone could give me a hint as to how I should approach this problem in order to get an analytical solution (without using...
Homework Statement
So, I know the pdf for independent random variables is found by using the convolution; the pdf is f[sub:X+Y](a) = ∫ f[sub:X](a-y)f[sub:Y](y)dy, but can I just use the density function for a function of a random variable instead; that is: f[sub:X+Y](x[u,v], y[u,v])(Jacobian...
There are four basic equations for constant acceleration
v = v_o +at
v^2 = v_o^2 +2as
and so on
The first velocity is time dependent, while the second velocity relationship is time independent.
In varying acceleration, we have
v = ∫ a(t) dt
Is there any other way we can define...
Homework Statement
let x_{i} be a random variable, and let y_{j} = \sum x_{i}.
The variance of the random distribution of the x_{i}'s is known, and each y is the sum of an equal amount of x_{i}'s, say N of them.
How do I compute the variance of y in terms of \sigma^2_{x} and N?
Homework...
Homework Statement
Let S be a linearly independent subset of a Hilbert space. Prove that span(S) is a subspace, that is a linear manifold and a closed set, if and only if S is finite.
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
Assuming S is finite means that S is a closed set...
Homework Statement
Determine which of the following pairs of functions are linearly independent.
(a) f(t)=3t,g(t)=|t|
(b) f(x)=x^{2},g(x)=4|x|^{2}
Homework Equations
the Wronskian is defined as,
W=Det{{f(u),g(u)},{f'(u),g'(u)}}
if {f(u),g(u)} are linearly dependent, W=0...
So I have a question for you guys - what do you do if your test grades don't seem to be affected by how much you've studied?
Here's the short version of my problem:
Study a bit = ~85 and 2 out of 3 times so far, the highest grade.
Don't study at all and get one hour of sleep = 80 (the...
Homework Statement
Show that if {a, b, c} is a linearly independent set of vectors, then so are {a, b}, {a, c}, {b, c}, {a}, {b}, and {c}.
Homework Equations
None.
The Attempt at a Solution
Well I was just thinking that if {a, b, c} is a linearly independent set of vectors, then...
Homework Statement
This was a question on my lecture slides which I didn't quite understand during the lecture.
Here is the circuit:
http://img843.imageshack.us/img843/3548/nodesbranchesloops.jpg
The question was to find independent loops in the circuit.
On the left-hand side I drew in the...
Homework Statement
Let Yi = (Z1 + ... + Zi)/(Z1 + ... + Zi+1) for i = 1,...,n and Yn+1 = Z1 + ... + Zn+1
where Zi ~ independent gamma(pi) for i = 1,...,n+1.
Prove that the Yi's are mutually statistically independent.Homework Equations
U ~ Dirichlet(p1,...,pn;pn+1) iff U = Z/T where Z is the...
Given the fact that X and Y are independent Cauchy random variables, I want to show that Z = X+Y is also a Cauchy random variable.
I am given that X and Y are independent and identically distributed (both Cauchy), with density function
f(x) = 1/(∏(1+x2)) . I also use the fact the...
I have:
$Z=X_1+\ldots+X_N$, where:
$X_i\sim_{iid}\,\text{Exponential}(\lambda)$
$N\sim\,\text{Geometric}_1(p)$
For all $i,\,N$ and $X_i$ are independent.
I need to find the probability distribution of $Z$:
$G_N(t)=\frac{(1-p)t}{1-pt}$
$M_X(t)=\frac{\lambda}{\lambda-t}$...
Lets say I roll 2 dice.
We have 36 possible elementary events.
I want to know what is the probability that I rolled an even number, given that I rolled both same dice.
So my event A={<1,1>, <2,2>, <3,3>, <4,4>, <5,5>, <6,6>}
My event B={<2,2>, <4,4>,<6,6>}
Conditional probability is...
Homework Statement
The n random variables X_{1}, X_{2},..., X_{n} are mutually independent and distributed with the probability density
f(x)=\frac{1}{\pi(1+x^{2})}
i) Find the probability density of the average
Y=\frac{1}{n}\Sigma^{i=1}_{n}X_{i}
ii) Explain why it does not converge...
hallo
I am trying to calculate the probability to obtain 2 sets of linearly independent vectors from a set of binary vectors of length k.
For example:
k = 4, and therefore I have 2^k = 16 vectors to select from.
I want to randomly select 7 vectors (no repetition).
What is the...
Homework Statement
During a winter season at one ski resort, there are two roads from Area A to Area B and two roads from Area B to Area C. Each of the four roads is blocked by snow with a probability p=.25 independently of the other roads.
What is the probability that there exists an open...
Hello!
I am trying to understand an example from my book that deals with two independent Poisson random variables X1 and X2 with parameters λ1 and λ2. The problem is to find the probability distribution of Y = X1 + X2. I am aware this can be done with the moment-generating function technique...
Bag contains 9 blue balls, 3 red balls.
A ball is selected at random, colour recorded and NOT replaced.
A second ball is selected at random, colour recorded.
a) Draw tree diagram (no problem).
Part 2
a) Find probability second ball is red (no problem, 0.25)
b) Find probability both...
Hi all,
I got stuck with the following problem:
Let X, Y and Z be three random vectors of the same length drawn from a continuous random distribution.
where
Z is independent of X and Y but Y=f(X) with a non-linear function f.
Can I claim that:
1. Z^{T}X\neq 0 almost surely...
Homework Statement
Theres two current sources and three voltages sources the problem wants to know the power supplied by each current source
Homework Equations
according to the book the problem can be solved using Kirchoffs current law and kirchhoffs voltage law
The answers according...
Hi all, this thread is mainly aimed at postgrads. I'm doing my undergrad degree in theoretical physics, my question is this; how many hours of independent study did you do while an undergrad? I've been getting good scores so far, but have only been averaging about an hour a day outside contact...
In general 4d space time, the Riemann tensor has 20 independent components.
However, in a more symmetric metric, does the number of independent components reduce? Specifically, for the Schwartzchild metric, how many IC does the corresponding Riemann tensor have?
(I think it is 4, but I...
Hi.
Why in all literature bus arrivals are referred as independent random variables (Poisson as well)?
Is there any reference where there is some math explanation except intuitive approach which of course tell that there is no correlation between 2 bus arrivals?
Best regards
Homework Statement
Let U be the subspace of R5 spanned by the vectors
E={(1,1,0,0,1),(1,1,0,1,1),(0,1,1,1,1),(2,1,-1,0,1)}.
Find a linearly independent subset F of E with Span(E)=U
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
I figured out that E is linearly dependent and that...
Hello.
My question is directed to those of you who actually have some experience in the area or who can provide detailed information rather than general/theoretical guidance.
I would like to ask you about funding sources available for an independent scientist on the U.S. or international...
i'm an undergrad in stats, and next semester is my last. I'm doing an independent study next semester, and am unsure of what would be more beneficial for me: a class in R, or bayes. i would like to do bayes, and I'm decent on computers with limited programming experience, so I'm not too worried...
Hello, I've been studying some linear algebra, and i am stuck on a certain definition.
The book i am using says that points{p0,p1,...,pk} in a vector space V are barycentrically independent if and only if the vectors {p1-p0,p2-p0,...,pk-p0} are linearly independent. The problem i have is the...
Homework Statement
Find a collection of well-formed formulas Ʃ such that Ʃ has no independent equivalent subset.
Homework Equations
N/A
The Attempt at a Solution
So far I have been able to show that Ʃ must be infinite. However, after this, I get stuck. Could anyone give me a hint...
Hi, I'm looking for suggestions on what are the best areas of theoretical physics for independent/amateur research?
I want to do some independent study with a view to research, but my problem is that I can get interested in more-or-less anything and am easily sidetracked. So I want to try to...
Hey everyone!
Unfortunately, I made myself a great mistake by taking a course in Ethics over the summer, and I felt as if I hardly learned anything at all because the course was paced too quickly for me to handle, which is why I passed it with a "C." I wanted to see if I could possibly...
In differential geometry, how can one show that the area form: √(EG-F2)du\wedgedv is independent of the choice of local parameterization?
Here E,F,G are the coefficients of first fundamental form. Please someone gives me some ideas.
I have always had a passing interest in physics, but would like to strengthen my knowledge of physics. I am looking for a good sequence of topics to begin my studies and work through physics content. I had a basic physics course in college, but would probably need to refresh my knowledge. So...
in particular, i wonder if the trasposition super operator is basis independent or not.
We can always write an operator W as
\hat{W}=\sum_{i,j} c_{i,j} |i\rangle\langle j|
and for the transposed we obtain
\hat{W}^T=\sum_{i,j} c_{j,i} |i\rangle\langle j|
we obtain a relation true for each...
1. When crossing over does not occur, how many possible chromosome combination can result from independent assortment of the homologous chromosomes?
I believe it is 4, because we have 4 identical chromosomes. Is this correct?
2. How does this change when crossing over occurs? It increases or...