What is Design: Definition and 1000 Discussions

A design is a plan or specification for the construction of an object or system or for the implementation of an activity or process, or the result of that plan or specification in the form of a prototype, product or process. The verb to design expresses the process of developing a design. In some cases, the direct construction of an object without an explicit prior plan (such as in craftwork, some engineering, coding, and graphic design) may also be considered to be a design activity. The design usually has to satisfy certain goals and constraints, may take into account aesthetic, functional, economic, or socio-political considerations, and is expected to interact with a certain environment. Major examples of designs include architectural blueprints, engineering drawings, business processes, circuit diagrams, and sewing patterns.The person who produces a design is called a designer, which is a term generally used for people who work professionally in one of the various design areas—usually specifying which area is being dealt with (such as a fashion designer, product designer, web designer or interior designer), but also others such as architects and engineers. A designer's sequence of activities is called a design process, possibly using design methods. The process of creating a design can be brief (a quick sketch) or lengthy and complicated, involving considerable research, negotiation, reflection, modeling, interactive adjustment and re-design.

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  1. M

    Engineering Exploring the Fundamentals of Machine Design: Similar Books and Resources

    Hi. I have a problem and I will be so grateful if someone can help me with this. I would like to know are there books that are similar to P.Orlov: Fundamentals of machine design 1,2 and 3. The book should include pictures of what is wrong and better solution of certain design. Thank you in...
  2. B

    MHB Jack's Rhombus Ring Pattern: A Unique Geometric Design

    Jack draws rings of rhombuses about a common centre point. All rhombuses have the same side length. Rhombuses in the first, or inner, ring are all identical. Each rhombus has a vertex at the centre and each of its sides that meet at the centre is shared with another rhombus. They all have the...
  3. malak

    I Michelson interferometer dimensions

    hi i want to design michelson interferometer device for measuring small distance movement i am using laser diode with a wavelength 635 nm and power 3 mw can anyone tell me how can i decide the dimensions (from source to beam splitter , for beam splitter to fixed mirror , from beam splitter to...
  4. mastermechanic

    Misc. Bicycle Design (Individual Project)

    Hello everyone, I have not been here for a long time. Now I'm here for a DIY project. Purpose: I want to design and manufacture my own road bike and ride it as soon as possible. I want to design nearly all parts on a bike except for the wheels, chain, saddle, cables, maybe shafts and bolts and...
  5. T

    Seawater sample temperature control – heat exchanger design

    I’m designing a system where a sea water sample must have its temperature controlled between near its freezing point (-2°C) and +30°C to simulate sea temperatures. To control it, the sample will be in contact with a block, which will be controlled by an external circulating water bath. The image...
  6. AlaskaJoe73

    Design load of a water tube ride, such as on a cruise ship

    When designing the structure of an elevated water tube ride (water flows by gravity through a tube large enough to accommodate 2 people on a float, say 500 lb. max. and the volume of water is constant) how much effect does the object floating on the water have?
  7. V

    Engineering What is the role of an electrical engineer in electric design?

    I would like to share some information related to electric design. Electrical design includes planning, creating, testing and supervising the development and installation of electrical equipment, including lighting equipment, power systems, power distribution, fire and life safety systems...
  8. V

    What are some best options for PCB design software?

    I need help in selecting best pcb design software out of kicad, eagle and altium. I have to design pcb for my project. But I am having confusion in these software.
  9. Y

    Rotational Mast System - Transfer Function, PID Design

    Homework Statement Given the system above, were a motor is rotating a mast that is attached to a second second mast by a spring with a spring constant K and a damping coefficient D. The motor has a current I applied to it with coefficient K Below are the provided values. K_s is the...
  10. physea

    2^k factorial experiment design

    Hello! In this webpage: https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat503/node/35 it describes the 2^k factorial experiment design. I understand that k is the number of factors that we are investigating (in this case two, a and b), 2 are the levels of each factor (+/-) and 2^k=4 is the number of...
  11. W

    Difference in order of execution and design in SQL Server.

    Hi, given Sql server executes queries order from, where, group by, having, select, order by. Why don't we write queries in same order? Would that improve speed of execution ?
  12. Kaura

    Designing a Disc Golf Launcher: Feasible & Accurate?

    For my Engineering class I have to work with three other people to design a device that launchers a disc golf. So far we have a basic design plan but we are unsure if it is actually viable. Essentially there will be a platform that holds the disc in place and will be propelled by 2 to 4...
  13. A

    Where to Learn how to Design Circuits?

    Hello, I'm currently getting my degree in mechanical engineering but have lately taken an interest in electronics. I've ordered several books and have learned a ton about resistors, capacitors, transistors, diodes, etc. However, every circuit I have made so far has been one that somebody else...
  14. D

    Structural Design Homework: Landing Support Analysis

    Homework Statement For the first picture , i was told that the landing is supported by the beam . So ,when we are doing the load analysis , the load analysis of the staircase and landing are combined . however , for the second example , the landing is said to be the support . so , when we are...
  15. F

    Pumping Water -- Please check my pump system design work

    Hey Folks! Just need a quick sanity check ... Putting in a new 4in well and submersible pump ... trying to wrap my brain around the "physics" of it ... Here is what I ***Think I Know*** : 1) The Energy required to move any given volume of water to ground level can be calculated using M*G*H ...
  16. Glenn Emmers

    Can Rogowski Coils Be Used Without an Integrator for HOKA Applications?

    Dear all, I'm currently working on an open core PCB rogowski coil and came up with the following design: I concluded that the asymmetry wouldn't be a problem if the coil is centered precisely around the conductor and cause it's mainly supposed to operate around 50 Hz. Is this a good...
  17. B

    Simulation Software for a Permanent Magnet Alternator Design

    I am looking to try some design ideas using PMs for alternator design. I am a retired EE so I do not have corporate capital for simulation software. Does anyone know of low to medium cost simulation software that might be workable for basic flux/emf/etc calculations and modeling? Or other...
  18. P

    (Weightlifting Machine) Weight stack pin design problem

    Hi and thanks if you decide to go through this post. As part of a school project I'm analysing a weight stack selector pin used in various fitness training equipment. Its material, length and diameter are known. 1. Homework Statement The pin is placed into a hole equal to its length (from the...
  19. Paddyster

    How Do Different Diffraction Grating Designs Affect Analysis Results?

    Hi, I'm doing my third year project on diffraction gratings and patterns and analysaing them via computer software and Fourier transforms. I'm going to design my diffraction gratings this week and then create them via taking a picture with a disposable camera and using the negative film. What...
  20. Xeno777

    How do I calculate the forces on a guitar stand (Tripod type)

    I want to build a bass guitar stand for my guitar using wood, I'm modelling it after the image shown. The alterations I'm making are to increase the height of the legs , to place an attachable weight below the stand . This will allow the stand to have a lower center of mass and will greatly...
  21. SemM

    A How does one "design" a PDE from a physical phenomenon?

    Hi, I have read some on the PDEs for fluids, and particularly for rogue waves, where for instance the extended Dysthe equation and the NLSE look rather intimidating: Take for instance the Non-linear Schrödinger eqn: \begin{equation} \frac{\partial^2 u}{dx^2}-i\frac{\partial d...
  22. M

    Electromagnet Design for Separating Ferrous Material from an Ore Mixture

    Good day I've been the task of designing an electromagnet to remove ferrous material from ore mixture. I've calculated the flux density require to remove the particle from underneath a burden depth of 400mm; which is 792.7177 Gauss. (Force index is: 1.5710*10^6 G^2/m) However what I've been...
  23. U

    How can I calculate the required thrust for my model rocket design?

    Hi, I am currently working on a Hybrid Rocket which uses fuel grain as 3-D printed ABS and oxidizer as N2O, but i need to calculate some basic parts such as required thrust to reach specific altitude. I want to calculate the required thrust to reach 1.5km for 10kg rocket with 7cm radius. It will...
  24. Wale

    Motor driven hydraulic cylinder design

    I am trying to design a mechanism which has a hydraulic cylinder driven by a step motor. The motor shaft is connected to the hydraulic cylinder piston via two rods of lengths r and L as shown in the below figure. I want the cylinder's piston to be driven at constant velocity v, so I am trying to...
  25. A

    IC Physical Design Software Inquiry

    For a traditional circuit simulator, like the free and open source versions of SPICE (i.e. ngspice), it seems to me that they can technically all simulate the same kinds of circuits. Assuming you had a portable SPICE model (either written in SPICE or compiled with ADMS), you could simulate the...
  26. Nabin kalauni

    How can I design a circuit for my project?

    I am a first year high school student designing a project. I want to build a circuitry that enables wet clothes to enter the house once it starts to rain. For this I decided to use a simple water sensor and a motor to move the rope with clothes. But after that I have not found a satisfactory...
  27. mkematt96

    Force required to dislodge a sphere from pipe (Valve design)

    I'm designing a valve that uses a ball to seal the valve. When the valve is empty there is no force acting on top of the ball. When water flows in, it will push up on the ball to dislodge it, water will flow into the valve and push the ball up until it seats into the top hole/chamfer which then...
  28. M

    How Does Spring Coil Count Affect Shock Absorber Performance?

    Hi All, I'm trying to design a spring for use in a shock absorber for a college project but my calculations aren't making any sense. I know this is a big ask, but if anyone knows about this stuff I'd appreciate a look. The maximum load is 16.5kN and when it's sitting it will be 5.5kN The...
  29. F

    Design of a window opener mechanism -- problems

    I have been struggling with this problem for a long time now, and are hoping you can help me. The assignment was to design a mechanism for opening a window with less effort. My way of solving this is to store energy in a spiral torsional spring as the window closes, which would be released when...
  30. A

    Design Multilayer Aircore Inductor in Solidworks

    As I am newbie to use solidwork, what I want to know is "is it possible to draw the exact design of multilayer aircore inductor in solidwork instead of drawing just only 2 substract cylinders? "
  31. J

    Help interpreting a design for power management unit

    Hello, I have been looking to build a pmu similar to this device, it will be for domestic use. https://www.digikey.com/en/articles/techzone/2014/jan/low-cost-microcontroller-based-phasor-measurement-units-improve-smart-grid-reliability I am having a bit of trouble with the sampling part and...
  32. BillTre

    Brave New World of Protein Design

    Here is an NY Times article by Carl Zimmer, describing recent advances in predicting protein design. This involves going from an amino acid sequence to a predict a protein 3D structure or going from what you want in a protein to the amino acid sequence that can generate it. This has long been...
  33. J

    Compensator Design in system control

    Hello, in my final project for System Control i have been stuck for some time on this following task What i cannot figure out is how to make all these condition work at the same time. When I tried designing a PD controller in sisotool or MATLAB for the i and ii part it worked but i couldn't...
  34. M

    Rubber Pad Design: Selection & Considerations

    Hello All, Very new to design , especially in material selection and rubber stuff. I have requirement where piston/shaft reciprocates to housing at high speeds. In order to reduce noise and for safety reasons, I must add rubber pads on both. Application as below: Red part is the...
  35. M

    Bearing and Bushing design

    Hello All, I am new to designing, and I need to design an air tight tubing with a motor shaft running thru. Following are representative pics: https://www.physicsforums.com/attachments/215901 https://www.physicsforums.com/attachments/215902 Blue arrows indicate air flow direction. Red part...
  36. P

    Rotational Symmetry in MCNPX core design

    Designing a PWR core in MCNPX for burnup using 4 folds rotational symmetry to reduce computational time of the core, taking reflective boundary conditions on rotational symmetry planes. should the power be reduced to 1/4th of original power (3000 MWth) in burnup card or does the reflective...
  37. S

    Chordwise location of lift for wing structural design

    Hi everybody, I'm designing the wing of a new aeromodel and I need a few informations for the structural design of the wing box that I couldn't find in the few litterature I have by now. So, here comes the question... For the sizing of the box beam that will be the main resistant part of the...
  38. S

    Calculating Stresses for Metal Pole Design in Audio System Installation

    I'm working on a public area audio system where we need to install our horn speakers on big height as per their installation requirements. We designed a metal pole as described: Pole consists of two poles: 1) a 7.5 meters height, 10" diameter, 6mm thickness. 1.5 meters are to be buried...
  39. F

    Need Spin Wave Generator Circuit Design

    Hello, I have found the technology of spintronics very interesting with a great potential for the (hopefully near) future & I am desiring to experiment with spin waves. I am sure there are several ways to create a spin wave or current, one of which involves placing a platinum strip at the end...
  40. T

    Electronic circuit breaker design

    I'm building an electronic circuit breaker as follows, I have some questions about the short circuit protection. I tested it in simulation and it trips in about 11 ms. How would I work out the interrupt rating ?, which I read is the maximum short circuit current the breaker can interrupt...
  41. T

    I Design diameter of transmission shaft

    Please bear with me, I am trying to design a shaft that will be under torsion. I do not know the diameter of the shaft and I would like to be able to calculate it by the things that I do know about the system. There's a 15HP 3 Phase motor running at 85RPM [there's a gearbox] This will be...
  42. M

    Linear Transformations if the design matrix

    Homework Statement given that X is an n × p matrix with linearly independent columns. And $$X^∗ = XA$$ where A is an invertible p × p matrix. a) Show that: $$X^*{({X^*}^TX^*)^-}^1{X^*}^T = X{(X^TX)^-}^1X^T$$ b) Consider two alternative models $$M : Y = Xβ + ε$$ and $$M^∗ : Y = X^∗β ^∗ +...
  43. orb_yt

    How are/were computers used in jet engine design?

    Hello all, I have been tasked with writing a very short article regarding the use of computers and software in early jet engine design up to modern times. I've been having a relatively hard time finding reading material through Google. I understand that modern jet engine designers use CAD...
  44. A

    Gas analysis system design issue

    Hi all, maybe this is a silly question but I am a newbie in this particular design field. I'm working on a gas analysis system and I'm facing a mechanical design issue. The overall system is made of the electronic board (PCB) with a gas sensors array plus the signal conditioning electronics, a...
  45. S

    Effective Design Checking Techniques for Mechanical Engineers

    Hello, I Have been working as a mechanical engineer for 3 years at an OEM shop and I graduated in 2013. I am the sole engineer responsible for both coming up with designs as well as coming up with assemblies and drawings for the machines and fixtures we create. A pitfall I come across is making...
  46. Y

    How would you design your art planet?

    You've finished with your garden planet and vacation planet, now you want to do something creative.
  47. stargateengineer

    Engineering What must I major in to design submarines?

    I am inspired to design civilian submarines for underwater tourism. I want to design a low-cost submarine that will increase accessibility of the underwater world to people who don't have too much money. I think that new materials are needed that will be cheaper but still serve their function...
  48. G

    Optimizing EMG Circuit Design: Tips and Parameters for Improved Performance

    HAI EVERYONE i have designed a circuit for emg detection but its not working perfectly. may i know the parameters that to be considered in each stages and what should be the value of each parameters in each stages. (e.g. gain at IN stage =20). thank you..
  49. E

    New Waver clamps design wanted

    Hello :) (sorry for the bad english, but i really am in need of help) I currently attend a mechanical school in Austria and have to design a new clamping unit for a lid. The circular lid is loaded with a force of 60kN (the force acts on the center) and clamped with 4 units. The currently...
  50. A

    High purity Germanium detector design related clarifications

    Hello everyone, I am Ashish, a mechanical engineering graduate from Arizona. I am doing a case study on some of the design related flaws in a high purity germanium detector. The information and pictures that I am posting is of an old detector from one of the manufacturers and it is currently...
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