What is Ray: Definition and 516 Discussions

Finland's Slot Machine Association or RAY (Finnish: Raha-automaattiyhdistys) was a government-supervised and -owned nonprofit gaming (gambling) association (statutory corporation) in Finland. On January 1, 2017 RAY merged with the government-supervised and -owned nonprofit betting agency Veikkaus and Fintoto. The new company that was founded as a result is also called "Veikkaus". RAY was a gambling monopoly whose proceedings went to domestic charity such as pensioner care and gambling addiction treatment. While RAY was best known for its slot machines, the company also dealt in online gambling and controlled the only official casino in Finland, Casino Helsinki.RAY's operations were governed by legislation and decrees. The operations of the other Finnish gaming organisations, Veikkaus and Fintoto, are also based on the Finnish Lotteries Act. The act was last amended in 2012.RAY's revenue came from slot machines, casino games, and casino and digital gaming. All the proceeds from RAY's gaming operations were used to support Finnish health and welfare, and these funding decisions were also based on legislation.The history of the Tuplapotti predecessor, the Potti game, dates back to 1986, and in the 1990s a newer version of it was developed that rose to much greater popularity than its predecessor. The game was developed by Veikkaus (by then known as RAY), and the game is still one of the favorite gambling games in Finland.

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  1. C

    What is the Ray Tracing Diagram for a Concave Lens with f < do < R?

    Homework Statement I have a concave lens where f < do < R. I have to provide a ray tracing diagram. The Attempt at a Solution I drew the focal ray through the focus and parallel to the principal axis. I drew the principal ray parallel to the principal axis then through the focus. I...
  2. A

    Looking for Ray Tracer Software

    I am looking for freeware which enable the simulation of a system with 3 mirrors, a laser, and a detector. So far I've only managed to find software for lenses on the internet. Would anyone lend a hand? :D
  3. L

    Ray Optics (Refraction Theory)

    Homework Statement Paralel light rays travel from air to a glass hemisphere with radius R and index of refraction n_{g}that is greater than n_{air}. A top view is shown in the attached image. (a) Where do the rays focus relative to the point P? (b) The index of refraction of the...
  4. S

    Ray Optics Q2: Find Focal Length of Mirror

    Homework Statement A 2.0--cm tall object is placed in front of a mirror. A 1.0--cm tall upright image is formed behind the mirror, 165 cm from the object. What is the focal length of the mirror? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I tried 37 cm, it was incorrect
  5. S

    Ray Optics Question #1: Concave Mirror Image Formation

    Homework Statement An object is 12 cm in front of a concave mirror with a focal length of 21 cm . Locate the image in s' Is the image upright or inverted? Homework Equations willl get back with it The Attempt at a Solution Im not sure where to start, this should be a simple...
  6. B

    Ray Tracing and Image Formation with a Concave Lens

    Homework Statement If the focal length of the concave lens is -7.50 cm, at what distance d_o from the lens should an object be placed so that its image is formed 3.70 cm from the lens? What is the magnification m produced by the concave lens described in above? Where should the object be...
  7. L

    Ray Diagrams: 2nd Incidence Ray - Which Is Correct?

    Hello. I have a concern in relation to ray diagrams. So I read that the first incidence ray I draw must be parallel to the principle axis and be reflected such that it passes through the principle axis. Ok so this part isn't too much of a worry. However it states that the second ray must be...
  8. Z

    Sin i / sin r graph from ray through glass block

    Homework Statement I have done the light ray through a glass block experiment at different angles. I've taken the measurement for i1 which is from the incident ray. and i2 which is from the emergent ray. Then I have to take the average of i1 and i2 and then plot a graph using the average...
  9. N

    Scenario of gamma ray bursts if it were to come into contact with the earth's ozone

    Is there a video of that kind of scenario floating around youtube? Have not had any luck finding a video of such a scenario.
  10. O

    Gamma ray Energy Spectrum of Cd-109 and Sn-113

    Hi, For my experiment, i need the gamma ray energy spectrum of Cd-109 and Sn-113 with NaI detector. would anyone help me please? thanks everyone.
  11. N

    Optics: Ray matrix for a thin lens

    Hi guys I wonder if you can explain this to me. In http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_transfer_matrix_analysis#Table_of_ray_transfer_matrices it says under "Thin lens" that the ray matrix is given by \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {r_{final} } \\ {r_{final}^' } \\ \end{array}} \right) =...
  12. D

    WR104 Gamma Ray Burst: Fact or Fiction?

    Sorry if I sound crazy, but I just heard about this and would like a reliable fact check before I worry. So I recently heard about this binary star system known as WR104. I read that it was pointed right at us and, at some point in the future, it will release a gamma ray burst that will wipe...
  13. H

    Photomultiplier Scintillator Cosmic Ray level monitoring

    I'm currently in the process of building a new muon detector using PMTs and Scintillators http://www.hardhack.org.au/scintillator_detector for testing the validity of my other cheaper detector projects. But I was also thinking of building another detector for logging average Cosmic Ray levels...
  14. L

    Sound reflection & controversy in ray diagram of concave mirror

    I've two questions here:- 1) Sound reflects it is said using laws of reflection of light.So,it means we hear max. sound when angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection,right?& if not equal then what do we hear or not? I guess we hear lesser than max.sound when the angles are not equal...
  15. N

    Alpha, Beta, Gamma , neutron ray, which one is harmful?

    Homework Statement If you were given 4 cookies, each emitter different ray 1)Alpha, 2)Beta,3) Gamma , 4)neutron You have to make decision of the following: a)eat one of the cookies b)dispose one of the cookies at storage facility called WHIP c)put one of the cookies in your pocket...
  16. T

    What Does "sr" Stand For in Cosmic Ray Flux Units?

    the unit of cosmic ray flux is expressed as flux /(m^2.sr.s.GeV), so what does sr stand for? Thanks.
  17. J

    Finding the distance of a gamma ray travels in lead

    Homework Statement The ‘half-thickness’ tells us the thickness of a given material needed to absorb half the incident photons from a particular source. Find the average distance of a gamma ray in lead before its first collision. I have a value for the half thickness (and equivalent half...
  18. Q

    Exploring Fusion Reactions in Stars: Proton + Deuteron to 3He + Gamma Ray

    Homework Statement One of the thermonuclear or fusion reactions that takes place inside a star such as our Sun is the production of helium-3 (3He, with two protons and one neutron) and a gamma ray (high-energy photon, denoted by the lowercase Greek letter gamma, ) in a collision between a...
  19. T

    TV Cathode Ray Tube Consider a potential

    Homework Statement In an old TV cathode ray tube, electrons are accelerated by a potential of 15 kV between the gun and screen. Find: a) Kinetic energy of the electrons when they reach the screen b) Its respective wavelength c) Wavelength of the photons with maximum energy that are...
  20. T

    Trying to comprehend the explosive power of a gamma ray burst?

    I'm not sure if this thread fits into this particular forum, but about how many megatons would be equal to the explosive power of a gamma ray burst?
  21. N

    Light ray paths near schwarzschild blackhole

    hey there, I'm interested in (eventually) simulating light ray paths near black holes, starting with schwarzschild black holes and working my way to kerr-newman black holes. I have a good understanding of the nature of black holes but have trouble when it comes to the equations. My background...
  22. M

    Cathode Ray Tube in a uniform magnetic field

    Homework Statement A CRT is placed in a uniform magnetic field B, with the axis of the tube parallel to the lines of force. If electrons emerging from the gun with a velocity v make an angle θ as they pass through the origin O so that their trajectory is a helix, show that a) they will touch...
  23. N

    Kinematics Electrons In a Cathode Ray Tube

    A) In a cathode ray tube, electrons are accelerated from rest by a constant electric force of magnitude 6.22 x 10−17 N during the first 2.00 cm of tube's length; then they move at essentially constant velocity another 46.5 cm before hitting the screen. Find the speed of the electrons when they...
  24. M

    X-Ray Diffraction: Explaining Visible Light Reflection

    "When a wavefront of X-rays strikes an atom, the electrons in that atom interact with the X-rays and immediately re-emit the X-radiation, normally without change of wavelength, and the X-radiation that is emitted by the atom is emitted as a spherical wavefront " Now my question is : visible...
  25. F

    Spin of photons/gamma ray transitions

    When I look at a nuclear level scheme, there are many gamma ray transitions from energy levels of say, spin 4 to spin 2. However, my understanding was that photons carry spin 1, and so conservation of angular momentum would say that you can only change the spin of a level by 1. What am I missing...
  26. U

    How exactly do cathode ray tubes work?

    I learned from a website that cathode ray tubes fire electrons from an "electron gun" at the cathode towards the anode, hitting a piece of metal and produce cathode rays in the process. My question is; how do cathode tubes "shoot" electrons? Apparently it's due to a high potential difference...
  27. parazit

    Create a home made muon or gamma ray detector?

    Hi.I wonder is it possible to create a home made muon or gamma ray detector? And if it is possible would you mind to show me some way? Thanks...
  28. russ_watters

    Archimedes Death Ray: Theoretical vs Practical Reasons for Its Failure

    I don't want to hijack another thread, so I'm moving the discussion here... A point about Archimedes Death Ray came up. The question is whether it failed for practical or theoretical reasons. I am of the opinion that it failed for practical reasons due to the inability of a bunch of...
  29. N

    Calculating Min Incident Angle for Ray Emerging from Prism

    Homework Statement If the apex angle of a prism is f = 74.3° (see figure below), http://i32.photobucket.com/albums/d2/NikkiNik88/apex.gif what is the minimum incident angle for a ray if it is to emerge from the opposite side (i.e., not be totally internally reflected), given n = 1.55...
  30. G

    Ray Serway's Physics For Scientists & Engineers 4th Ed. Vol. 1 Ch. 4 Review Problem #1

    Could someone please check my work and provide insight on what I may be missing to complete the problem. The question's from Ray Serway's Physics For Scientists & Engineers 4th Ed. Vol. 1. Chapter 4. Review Problem #1. Page 95. Homework Statement A ball is thrown with an initial...
  31. J

    Use ray tracing to determine the location of the image

    Homework Statement An object is 6.0 cm in front of a converging lens with a focal length of 10 cm. Use ray tracing to determine the location of the image. Is the image upright or inverted? Is it real or virtual? The Attempt at a Solution According to my ray tracing...there is no...
  32. M

    How long does it take the ray to traverse this path?

    Homework Statement A light ray enters the atmosphere of a planet where it descends to the surface 15.2 km below. The index of refraction where the light enters the atmosphere is 1.2 and it increases uniformly to the surface where it has a value of 1.55. I) How long does it take the ray...
  33. V

    Is Gamma Ray Emission from a Black Hole Really Possible?

    I just can't comprehend that gamma ray can come out of a black hole. Gamma rays are electromagnetism which contain photons, but photons have no mass. And we all know that a black hole swoops up light as well. And what recaton has the gamma ray on the mass around the black hole? I know It's true...
  34. D

    Finding energy of gamma ray with spectoscopy

    Hey everyone, I need to be able to be able to explain how a gamma spectrometer (NaI scintillator) can determine the energy of a given gamma ray (or more particularly, determines the effective dose rate, but that shouldn't be to hard once I figure out how to get the energy). The problem, as far...
  35. D

    What is frequency of a gamma ray emitted from a supernova

    From what i have read the gamma ray frequency cap ranges from 3×10^19 to 3×10^24. I want to know what you guys have heard it is. Are the highest measured gamma ray from a supernova calculated with any time dialated effects? Also what is the thoertical cap of something higher than a gamma ray...
  36. N

    Ray transfer martix of interface

    I found two different descriptions about ray transfer martix of interface in two textbook. I am confused about this. which one is correct? I hope someone can help me. _________________________________________________________________ A:Lasers, A.E.Siegman,pp586 B:Laser Resonators and Beam...
  37. S

    Cathode Ray Tube Magnetic Question

    Homework Statement The figure from the link below shows a cross section of a cathode ray tube. An electron in the tube initially moves horizontally in the plane of the cross section at a speed of 2.0 x 107 meters per second. The electron is deflected upward by a magnetic field that has a...
  38. P

    Spherical Mirrors an ray diagram

    Homework Statement When an object is located very far away from a convex mirror, the image of the object is 18 cm behind the mirror. Using a ray diagram drawn to scale determine where the image is located when the object is placed 9.0 cm in front of this mirror. Note that the mirror must be...
  39. W

    Antenna Gain: Dependence on Ray Direction?

    Hi all, Does the antenna gain depend on the angle of the emerging ray? or It can be a single number for all ray emerging in all directions? I know the gain is the amount of power an antenna has relative to an isotropic antenna. Sometimes it means the maximum power an antenna can have relative...
  40. D

    Data Analysis: Gamma ray attenuation

    Hello, I'm attempting to analyse the data recovered from an experiment that I performed in lab, but I'm having some problems understanding how to properly apply the statistical methods learned to this specific problem. Essentially, the experiment consisted of placing a source of gamma rays...
  41. A

    Why one cannot push light but just in the normal direction to the ray?

    ¿Why one cannot push light but just in the normal direction to the ray? NAIVE QUESTION: I understand I cannot push a light ray (I mean, to sum speed vectors) in its propagation path, but ¿why I can certainly push it in the normal direction to the light ray? Is there some info on this...
  42. K

    Ray Refraction: Finding the depth of a pool

    Homework Statement A 4.0m wide swimming pool is filled to the top. The bottom of the pool becomes completely shaded in the afternoon when the sun is 20 degrees above the horizon. How deep is the pool? Homework Equations \theta = arcsin(n2/n1) n1sin\theta1= n2sin\theta2 The...
  43. R

    How far below the top edge does the ray strike the mirror?

    Homework Statement A light ray leaves point A in the figure, reflects from the mirror, and reaches point B. (Intro 1 figure) figure attached How far below the top edge does the ray strike the mirror? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution im not sure exactly where it...
  44. E

    Optical Ray Tracing - "Y N U" Method & Aperture Stops

    Is anyone familiar with the "y n u" ray trace method for optical systems, using paraxial rays where Snell's law is approximated using: n1sinx1 ≈ n1tanx1 ≈ n1u1 = n2u2 If anyone is familiar with this, I'd be interested to discuss the finer points of "a-ray" and "b-ray" tracing, as well...
  45. R

    Ray Optics: Examining Meter Stick in Tank

    Homework Statement The figure shows a meter stick lying on the bottom of a 100-cm-long tank with its zero mark against the left edge. You look into the tank at a 30^\circ angle, with your line of sight just grazing the upper left edge of the tank. 1)What mark do you see on the meter stick...
  46. matt_crouch

    X-Ray Diffraction: Photon-Atom Interaction & De Broglie's Eq.

    How do the photons actually interact with the atoms to make them diffract. is it related to de broglies equation some how? Also with High energy electron diffraction, are the electrons being diffracted because they are attracted and repelled electrostatically from the nucleus and orbiting...
  47. V

    Calculating time/velocity for relativistic cosmic ray

    Homework Statement A primary cosmic ray (which comes from elsewhere in our Galaxy) hits the nucleus of an atom in our atmosphere 38 km above the ground and creates an unstable secondary particle, which then travels straight down toward the ground at a speed of 0.99400c. (The altitude and the...
  48. K

    Trace the path of the light ray and find angle of refraction

    Homework Statement A ray of light strikes the midpoint of one face of an equiangular (60◦, 60◦, 60◦) glass prism (n = 1.3) at an angle of incidence of 33◦. a.Trace the path of the light ray through the glass, and find the angle of refraction at the first surface. b.Find the angle of...
  49. D

    Gamma Ray Bursts and Gravitational Radiation

    Okay, I'm writing a short response of about one page right now. Here's the question: Regarding soft gamma ray repeaters, 1. Is there any connection between the electromagnetic radiation and gravitational radiation? (specify: luminosity of the source? Thresholds?) and 2. How much...
  50. G

    Compton Scattering: X-ray 0.010nm, 180 Degrees

    3) X-rays of wavelentgh 0.010nm are directed onto a target containing loosely bound electrons. For Compton scattering from one of those electrons, at an angle of 180 degrees, what are a) the Compton shift, b) the corresponding change in photon energy, c) the kinetic energy of the...
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