What is Rate: Definition and 1000 Discussions

The Institute for Creation Research (ICR) is a Creationist apologetics institute in Dallas, Texas that specializes in media promotion of pseudoscientific creation science and interpretation of the Genesis creation narrative as a historical event. The ICR adopts the Bible as an inerrant and literal documentary of scientific and historical fact as well as religious and moral truths, and espouses a Young Earth creationist worldview. It rejects evolutionary biology, which it views as a corrupting moral and social influence and threat to religious belief. The ICR was formed by Henry M. Morris in 1972 following an organizational split with the Creation Science Research Center (CSRC).Its work in the field of creation science has been rejected by mainstream science, but has been significant in shaping creationist thought in the United States by introducing creation science through fundamentalist churches and religious schools, and by engaging in public debates against supporters of evolution. The ICR also offers unaccredited graduate level programs in Biblical Apologetics, including a minor in Creation Research. The ICR also operates the ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History museum in Dallas, Texas.

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  1. E

    Organic Chemistry Nucleophile Reactivity Rate

    CH3Br + Nu- → CH3Nu + Br- The decreasing order of the rate of the above reaction with the following nucleophiles is: [ Nu = (I) PhO- (II) AcO- (III) HO- (IV) CH3O- ] My answer is IV > III > II > I However the answer is IV > III > I > II I'm having a hard time understanding why...
  2. A

    Calculating Volume Flow Rate of Olive Oil at a Processing Plant

    Homework Statement At a processing plant, olive oil of density 875 kg/m3 flows in a horizontal section of hose that constricts from a diameter of 2.92 cm to a diameter of 1.20 cm. Assume steady, ideal flow. What is the volume flow rate if the change in pressure between the two sections of hose...
  3. S

    Work out cardiac cycle and heart rate

    I would just like to know if i have worked out one cardiac cycle and heart rate correctly. I have attached the image of the ecg called 'after exercise' here are my workings out: 1. CARDIAC CYCLE: there are 4 cycles so: 9 (grids) x 0.05 = 0.45 9x 0.05 = 0.45 9x 0.05 = 0.45 9x 0.05 = 0.45...
  4. Fb.Researcher

    Compute decay rate of muon according to given equation

    Homework Statement A muon decays to an electron, an electron neutrino and a muon neutrino. ## \mu \rightarrow e \ \nu_\mu \ \nu_e## .The matrix element of the process is ## |\mathcal{M}|^2 = G^2_F (m^2-2mE)mE## with ##m## being the mass of the muon and ##E## the energy of the resulting...
  5. A

    MHB Calculating Logistic Growth Rate

    I have a logistic growth problem. I know this because there is an upper limit of approximately 21,000 people. I need to calculate growth rate. Would it be something as simple as taking two populations and dividing them to get the rate (X2-X1/X1) to obtain it or is there an equation I am missing...
  6. M

    Rate of Evaporation: Experiment Ideas & Thoughts

    Hi I was thinking of doing an experiment for my maths coursework to plot a graph to, and was thinking of doing something related to the rate of evaporation of water. My thinking is that i conduct an experiment where I heat water to boiling point so it is at about a constant temperature with a...
  7. TheMathNoob

    Lapse Rate and Ground Temperature Relationship in Constant Conditions

    Homework Statement If the skin temperature and altitude are constant, and the lapse rate increases from 5.5˚C/km to 6.5˚C/km, the ground temperature: A) increases B) decreases C) remains unchanged D) is never constant Homework Equations lapse rate=-dT/dh The Attempt at a Solution I think it...
  8. S

    Rate of Reaction: Solving to Find Time for [A] to Reach X Conc.

    Homework Statement [/B] I don' t want to be too specific, but it's basically "A + B -> C has the rate law Rate=k[A][ B], How long does it take [A] to reach concentration X. K is given and the initial concentrations of A and B are given." Homework Equations The integrated rate laws, whether I...
  9. B

    Increasing Flow rate through system

    Hi, I'm building an experimental set-up for some heat exchanger I'm trying to analyze, I want to maximize the flow through this little piece. I have a stable temperature bath, (see picture) that has an evacuation valve on the bottom. I only took introduction to Fluid Dynamics (found it amazing...
  10. B

    Finding the rate of convergence for a markov chain

    Homework Statement For the following Markov chain, find the rate of convergence to the stationary distribution: \begin{bmatrix} 0.4 & 0.6 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix} Homework Equations none The Attempt at a Solution I found the eigenvalues which were \lambda_1=-.6 or \lambda_2=1 . The...
  11. R

    MHB Help with finding Rate of change of f

    Hi! This is my first post and I'm hoping to receive so help :D If f(x)=\frac{1}{{x}^{2}+1}. The rate of change of f at a is defined as \lim_{{h}\to{0}}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}. In case, these commands don't work properly... the question is: if f(x)=1/(x^2+1) and rate of change of f at a is defined...
  12. gracepentinio

    How to design flow rate of a lubrication system?

    I am currently designing a lubrication system which uses a positive displacement gear pump. So how can I get the flow rate of a lubrication system? i don't know which equation to use. thank you so much.
  13. Carlko26

    Turbocharger: Mass flow rate and pressure ratio

    Hello everyone, i am currently dimensioning a compression system using a vehicle turbocharger and need to find a way to relate the pressure ratio of the compressor and the mass flow rate. (flows trough compressor and turbine are of course separated) For the turbine, one can use Stodola's...
  14. Marie Cailey

    Experiment for testing type of catalyst on reaction rate?

    < Mentor Note -- thread moved to HH from the technical forums, so no HH Template is shown > experiment for testing type of catalyst on reaction rate? I need an experiment (just the method) Where I can test the reaction rate of changing the catalyst type I need about 3 differnet catalysts e.g...
  15. HaLAA

    What Is the Yearly Growth Rate for a 40% Increase Over Three Years?

    Homework Statement If an investment increased by 40% over 3 years and rose by the same percentage rate each of those years, what was the rate? Homework Equations new_value = old_value(1+r)^p The Attempt at a Solution Let value of the investment be 1000, then we have 1000(1+0.4) = 1000(1+r)^3...
  16. F

    Why did the U.S. homicide rate increase in early 1900s?

    The social sciences used to have their own forums in PF, what happened to them? They used to be a great lace for discussion. Anyways, this still seems the best place to ask this question. According to Wikipedia at least, the homicide rate in the U.S. per 100,000 persons increased from about...
  17. TheMathNoob

    Lapse rate, dry adiabats, moist adiabats

    Homework Statement With the drying out of Central California with global warming, the lapse rate may change from a moist adiabatic lapse rate to a dry lapse rate. Does this mean the lapse rate would decrease or increase? Homework Equations...
  18. F

    Calculate the rate of probability density's movement?

    1. Homework Statement Given the following diagram of a finite potential well, calculate the rate at which the right-going wave is bringing probability density up to the barrier. (Ignore interference with the left-going wave. ) (Hint: you can get the velocity from the energy, and the average...
  19. W

    Power and rate of photon emission with a given temperature

    Assuming that your surface temperature is 99.1 F and that you are an ideal blackbody radiator (you are close), find (a) the wavelength at which your spectral radiancy is maximum,(b) the power at which you emit thermal radiation in a wavelength range of 1.0 nm at that wavelength, from a surface...
  20. T

    Shouldn't pressure loss quadruple if flow rate doubles?

    I've always been taught that in a piping system (only water), if the flow rate doubles, then pressure loss quadruples. But when using the Darcy-Weisbach equation I often find that it is closer to triple. Playing around with viscosity and temperature I've never been able to bring the ratio higher...
  21. A

    Reduce mass flow rate may increase air velocity?

    Hi, I used a blower to flow air across an open duct through a nozzle. By using a gate valve, the mass flow rates were controlled. I took measurement in 3 different locations along the ducts. But, why by decreasing the mass flow rate, the air velocity was increased? It is just happened for the...
  22. G

    Pressure and Flow Rate in a Tank

    Homework Statement A tank of cross-sectional area A is initially filled with fluid of density ρ and viscosity μ to height hi. The pressure above the fluid in the tank is atmospheric, Patm. At the base of the tank there are two pipes, which are both open to teh atmosphere, such that fluid...
  23. C

    MHB Find rate of change (Why is my answer wrong?)

    The temperature at a point (x, y) on a flat metal plate is given by T(x, y) = 62/(9 + x2 + y2) where T is measured in °C and x, y in meters. Find the rate of change of temperature with respect to distance at the point (1, 1) in the x-direction and the y-direction. My solution so far: dT/dx...
  24. Alan I

    Detector moving toward charged ring - rate of change of V

    Homework Statement A thin ring (radius r = 1.41 cm) carries a charge Q = 8.57 pC distributed uniformly along its length. The ring lies in the y-z plane, so the axis through its center is the x-axis . A small detector is moving along the positive x-axis toward the ring at velocity v = -0.543i...
  25. brainbaby

    Opmp as an active rectifier and its slew rate limitation....?

    Please help me on this... The following circuit is of an active rectifier..The inclusion of a diode here signifies a voltage follower for positive Vin voltages ...but for negative Vin diode is off hence the out voltage Vout is zero...and the output of the opamp goes into negative saturation...
  26. Hamza Abbasi

    How can the discharge rate of a capacitor be controlled?

    Hi , Can we replace battery with capacitor?? I know that energy stored in a battery is far greater than in the capacitors ,but still can we some how convert a charged capacitor into a temporary battery?? So the Question is how to control the discharge rate of capacitor? Is this have something...
  27. L

    Optimization growth rate Question

    First post on these forums, thanks all for your help! Homework Statement It is estimated that the growth rate of the fin whale population (per year) is rx(1 - x/K), where r = 0.08 is the intrinsic growth rate, K = 400,000 is the maximum sustainable population, and x is the current population...
  28. B

    Football Trajectory: Radius & Speed Rate of Change

    Homework Statement A football player releases a ball at 35° with initial velocity of 80 ft/sec. Determine the radius of curvature of the trajectory at times t = 1 sec and t = 2 sec, where t = 0 is the time of release from the quarterback's hand. For each case, compute the time rate of change...
  29. Taryn1

    MHB Average rate of change in the function from x1 to x2

    So this is my first question here, and I hope I'm doing it right! My question is basically this: Find the average rate of change of the function from x1 to x2. f(x) = x^2 + 12x -4 I'm also new to precalc, so please don't blame me if this is a really easy question! It doesn't seem to make...
  30. A

    Activation energy of parallel reaction

    Well,I know that the activation energy of a parallel reaction can be determined by the arrhenius equation as (e1k1+e2k2)/(k1+k2) where e1,k1 and e2,k2 are the activation energies and rate constants for the two reacations.now consider the reaction A》B,and A》C since at every instant the reacted...
  31. K

    Supply rate = dissipation rate in Turbulence

    So in many books, authors state that the supply rate, u^3/l is proportional to the dissipation rate ɛ, in a turbulent flow i.e: u^3/l ~ ɛ where u and l are characteristic velocity and length scales of the large eddies. Many will also state that the small scale eddies have a time period or...
  32. hideelo

    Expected rate of change, if at all, of nature's constants

    I am reading gravitation and spacetime by Hans Ohanian and he is discussing the possibility of the constants, such as proton mass, fine structure constant, etc, actually changing over time. He makes the claim that since the universe is ~10^10 years old the expected change should be...
  33. T

    Does a pump have a maximum flow rate for a given system?

    Hi everyone, I am an electrical engineering student and in my free time, I make educational youtube videos about electronics. (youtube.com/SolidStateWorkshop). I'm working on a video right now about transistors. To help explain their operation, I am attempting to use a hydraulic circuit...
  34. T

    Estimate noise improvement as a funtion of sampling rate

    Hi all, I would like to estimate from my experimental data what would be the noise of the signal if I could sample at a higher rate. It is possible to do that? Do you have any references to good books that explain this topic? Thank you!
  35. marcus

    POLL: How do you think of the Hubble rate?

    I'd like to find out how other members usually think of the Hubble rate, by preference and/or by habit. I was unsuccessful in creating a poll in Cosmology (no "add a poll" button) so I'm hoping this thread can be moved over there. Here are the options I could think of: 1. As a continuously...
  36. newjerseyrunner

    Transmission rate of grey goo across the universe

    If I imagine an interplanetary fight between two early races (the universe is about 8 billion years old) and one of them invents a super weapon to extinct the other. The weapon is a grey goo weapon, a swarm of billions of machines, each with the ability to bend light around it to cloak itself...
  37. Q

    Superposition / Probability Wave - frame rate problem?

    Okay, so this is my first post, and I'm probably going to embarrass myself, but here goes. I have a bunch of questions. So we have an atom, consisting of a proton and electrons, and these electrons spin either clock wise or anti clock wise but in fact appear to do both... until measured...Is...
  38. J

    Calculate Remaining Anesthetic Time: Mass Flow Rate Question

    Homework Statement A patient, on an anesthetic, is hooked up with only 18 mg of the anesthetic remaining. If the current flow is 12 mg/h and the dentist needs to increase the flow to 20.0 mg/h within two minutes, then how long will it take for the anesthetic to run out? Homework Equations...
  39. P

    Difference between Creep and Strain Rate Sensitivity

    Hello, recently I became interested in some basics of material science and there was one thing that I did not really understand. What is the difference (or what are things in common) between creep and strain rate sensitivity? I read about it in connection with indentation. - To measure the...
  40. W

    Can force be expressed as mass flow rate times velocity

    I know that F=ma which give the units of kg.m/s/s (in SI units) but can force also be expressed as mass flow rate times velocity which also has the same units? Example: water coming out a hose or gas coming out a spray can?
  41. gillmitch92

    Calculating percentage change in flow rate through a valve

    < Mentor Note -- thread moved to HH from the technical forums, so no HH Template is shown > The max flow rate through a control valve with an equal percentage characteristic is 10 m3/h. If the valve has a rangeability ratio of 50:1 and is subjected to a constant differential pressure, calculate...
  42. Amrator

    Rate of Change Using Inverse Trig Functions

    Homework Statement A spectator is standing 50 ft from the freight elevator shaft of a building which is under construction. The elevator is ascending at a constant rate of 20 ft/sec. How fast is the angle of elevation of the spectator's line of sight to the elevator increasing when the elevator...
  43. T

    Rate of Acceleration: Find Unit of Change

    if acceleration is defined as rate of change in velocity, then how do you find out the unit of rate of change of acceleration?
  44. T

    Rate of battery life varies with charge?

    Batteries and rate of charge? I have an IPad. It 'seems' that when he battery if fully or mostly charged it lasts proportionately longer than when less charged. For instance, all things equal, the battery takes a shorter time to drain from 30% charged to 10% than it does from 90% to 70%...
  45. C

    Rate of change of area in sphereical baloon, .

    Homework Statement I have a homework assignment that I find challengingA spherical baloon is being inflated at a rate of 10 cu.in/sec (i assume it's cubic inches per second) Find the rate of change of area when the baloon has radius=6Homework Equations So far I know that V=(4/3)*pi*r^3...
  46. D

    Steam Generation Rate of a Heat Exchanger

    Let's say I have a shell and tube heat exchanger that is producing steam. I have a known volume of water entering the shell of the heat exchanger. Would the rate of steam generation be something like... rate of steam generation = (volume of water)*(density of steam)/(time it takes to deplete...
  47. T

    Why Does Flow Rate Remain Constant When Reducing Orifice Size in a Water Tank?

    So we all know that due to the conservation of volume flow rate, reducing the diameter of a hose pipe would increase the velocity of the water flow.(A*V is conserved) But when the are of an orifice near the bottom of a water tank is reduced the velocity remains the same! Does anyone know why...
  48. G

    Does space expansion affect the rate of time?

    Time can have 2 different connotations. One is inherent to an entity in spacetime by itself, say a lonely radioactive atom. It may decay or it may not decay, independently of what's going on around it. But another involves interactions between particles, for example "it takes 60 seconds for...
  49. C

    What affects the rate of evaporation in a material?

    Hello! I've been researching hygroscopic materials and evaporation rate a bit lately, and a question has struck me which I haven't found an answer to yet: What material factors affect the rate of evaporation? Is it possible to engineer a material which is hygroscopic (absorbs water) in humid...
  50. A

    Can temperature affect the mass of water

    Hi there guys, I'm conducting an experiment to calculate the mass flow rate of water. Bellow is a copy of the procedure: 1) Weigh the mass in kg of a container 2) Connect a flow meter to a tap (any source) with a pipe and insure the departure pipe goes into a sink 3) Open the tap an increase...
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