What is Initial: Definition and 1000 Discussions

In a written or published work, an initial or drop cap is a letter at the beginning of a word, a chapter, or a paragraph that is larger than the rest of the text. The word is derived from the Latin initialis, which means standing at the beginning. An initial is often several lines in height and in older boscene are known as "inhabited" initials. Certain important initials, such as the Beatus initial or "B" of Beatus vir... at the opening of Psalm 1 at the start of a vulgate Latin. These specific initials, in an illuminated manuscript, were also called initiumsIn the present, the word initial commonly refers to the first letter of any word or name, the latter normally capitalized in English usage and is generally that of a first given name or a middle one or ones.

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  1. M

    With the initial concentrations: [A] = 0.000500 M, = 0.000698 M,

    with the initial concentrations: [A] = 0.000500 M, [B] = 0.000698 M, with the initial concentrations: [A] = 0.000500 M, [B] = 0.000698 M, and [C] = 0 M, find the value of K if [C] = 0.0000866 M at equilibrium. K = [C]/([A]*[B]) just want to check my answer of 344, seems wrong to me
  2. L

    180 degree Compton Scattering: low versus high energy initial photon

    So when you calculate the scattered electron energy and the scattered photon energy (for 180 degree deflection) you get roughly the following (in keV). Photon(in)__Photon(scattered)__Electron(recoil) 27.5_______24.8______________2.7 81_________62_______________19...
  3. B

    Initial Value Problem. Laplace Transform

    Homework Statement The question is solve using laplace transforms: y" - 4y = 1-2t where y(0) =0 and y'(0) = 0 Ans is: y = t/2 - 1/4 + 1/4*e^(-2t) Homework Equations http://www.stanford.edu/~boyd/ee102/laplace-table.pdf" partial fractionsThe Attempt at a Solution (s^2)Y - sy(0) - y'(0) - 4Y =...
  4. I

    Find Time in Air for Ball Launched Upward with 18 m/s

    A ball is launched directly upward from ground level with an initial speed of 18 m/s. (Air resistance is negligible.) What equation would I use to find the time the ball was in the air?
  5. C

    Initial Value Differential Equations problem

    dy/dt = 2y-5, y(0) = y_0 The answer I got for this was y =5/2 + (y_0-5/2)e^t but the solution is y =5/2 + (y_0-5/2)e^-2t Where did this -2t come from? My steps: dy = (2y-5)dt Integrating both sides gives 1/2*ln|2y - 5| = t + C take exp of both sides gives 1/2(2y-5) = Cet...
  6. C

    Solving differential equation involving initial value?

    dy/dt = y-5 , y(0) = y0 The general form for first ODE has to resemble this dy/dt + p(t) = g(t) so I moved the y over to the left side of the equation dy/dt - y = -5 I think this is where I screw things up. It's not really in this form dy/dt + p(t) = g(t) but rather dy/dt - p(t)...
  7. O

    Final velocity given acceleration and initial velocity

    Homework Statement A dynamite blast at a quarry launches a chunk of rock straight upward, and 2.1 s later it is rising at a speed of 19 m/s. Assuming air resistance has no effect on the rock, calculate its speed at (a) at launch and (b) 5.2 s after the launch. Homework Equations v = v0 +...
  8. A

    Solving Separable Differential Equation with Initial Condition

    QUESTION: Solve the separable differential equation dy/dx = sqrt(4y+64), Initial Condition: y(4)=9, and find the particular solution satisfying the initial condition. MY ATTEMPT: (dy/dx)^2 = 4y+64 ((dy/dx)^2)-4y = 64 ,/' (((dy/dx)^2)-4y) dx = ,/' 64 dx Is this the right method...
  9. S

    Solving Free-Fall Kinematics: Find Acceleration from Initial Speed

    Homework Statement A ball is thrown downward with an initial speed if 20 m/s on earth. What is the acceleration of the ball? Homework Equations vf=a (change in time)t + vi The Attempt at a Solution well you have to find the velocity of then find acceleration. and acceleration is...
  10. T

    Initial Value Problem, confused due to non-linearity

    Homework Statement The equation 2y'' - y' + y^2(1-y) = 0 is a special case of an equation used as a model for nerve conduction, and describes the shape of a wave of electrical activity transmitted along a nerve fibre. Find a value of the constant a so that y = (1 + e^(ax))^(-1) is a...
  11. H

    Solving Initial Value Problems Using Integration | f'(x)=(x^2-1)/x^5, f(1/2)=3

    Homework Statement Solve each of the following initial value problems: a) f'(x)=(x2-1)/x5 f(1/2)=3 Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I guess my problem with this is I'm not 100% sure what I'm being asked to do. I know I need to use integration to find the original...
  12. C

    Finding Position Function with Initial Position of 5 and v(t) = 5t1/3

    Homework Statement Find the position function with the given initial position. v(t) = 5t1/3 s(0)=5 Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Find the anti derivative 15/4t4/3 + c s(0) = 15/4t4/3 + c 5 = 0 + c I'm assuming since s(0) = 5 I...
  13. J

    Initial phase determination in a wave

    Homework Statement I'm having trouble solving the following exercise: Given the following wave equation: y=0.01cos(wt-kx)+0.02*6^(1/2)sin(wt-kx) prove that if w=16s^-1 and k=6m^-1 then the amplitude of the wave is 0.05 meters and the initial phase is -pi/4 how can I prove that? By phasor...
  14. R

    Conservation laws, Noether's theorem and initial conditions

    Hello, everybody! During the whole of my undergraduate study of physics, this one thing always bothered me. It concerns the interplay of conserved quantities, symmetries, Noether's theorem and initial conditions. For a system of N degrees of freedom, governed by the usual Newton's laws...
  15. E

    Initial conditions for rlc series natural response

    Homework Statement Find v(t) across a cap. in a series rlc circuit with no driving force (initial v across cap: 24V) Homework Equations from the values of the components, \alpha > \omega_0, the circuit is overdamped, and the following equation can be used: v(t) =A_1 e^{s_1 t} + A_2...
  16. P

    Find deceleration from distance and initial velocity

    I have just started a calculus book, and I can't figure out how to solve this problem: Homework Statement The landing velocity of an airplane (i.e., the velocity at which it touches the ground) is 100 mi/hr. It decelerates at a constant rate and comes to a stop after traveling 1/4 mile...
  17. D

    Initial mass function - power law

    Hello, world :) My first post here. I have to choose a topic for a project in astrophysics. I intend to major in astronomy and it's my first year of studies, so I don't have much knowledge so far, though I don't mind picking a 'heavy' topic for this assignment - I know I'll benefit from...
  18. P

    Volume created by the revolution of a polar function around the initial line

    Hello, I was wondering if anyone could help me with deriving the volume created by the rotation of a polar equation around the initial line. So, I thought about adding the surface area of cones (multiplied by d\theta) if each cone the triangle created with s-length of f(\theta) and r-length...
  19. S

    How Do You Calculate the Initial Height of a Block on a Frictionless Ramp?

    I need help! I have a 426g block on a frictionless ramp with initial height, h. The ramp curves, where the height is 2.6 meters before it flies off. I need to know the initial height, can someone please help? :smile:
  20. jegues

    Solve the initial value problem

    Homework Statement Solve the following initial value problem y^{''} + 2y^{'} - 15y = 4\delta(t-2), \quad y(0) = 1, \quad y'(0) = -1. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution See figure attached for my attempt at the solution. Does anyone see any problems? Sorry if...
  21. I

    Twin paradox initial acceleration

    Hi, I've seen many variations of explanations of the twin paradox using special relativity, but i haven't yet seen an explanation that bothers to take into account the initial acceleration of the traveling twin away from planet Earth. Is it safe to say that this can be neglected...
  22. M

    Initial Condition Problems with Heat Equation in Mathematica

    I've been trying to work through the heat equation given in this Sous Vide cooking primer: http://amath.colorado.edu/~baldwind/sous-vide.html It gives a modified version of the heat equation with a shape parameter for simplification. The equations are shown below...
  23. C

    Question concerning initial velocity

    Homework Statement An athlete executing a long jump leaves the ground at a 31.6° angle and travels 7.78 m. What was the take-off speed? I have tried to solve this question but somehow keep arriving at the wrong answer. The formula that I derived is : distance=V(initial)*sin^2(theta)/g...
  24. S

    Finding the Initial Point for Runge Kutta 4th Order

    Hi guys I have two points A and B (in 2 dimensions) and want to use runge kutta 4th order to give me points between these two points starting from A __> B (NOT B___> A). How can I choose the initial point then. Cheers,:smile:
  25. J

    Finding initial velocity of basketball

    A basketball player makes a shot from a height of 2.50 m at an angle of 30 degrees above the horizontal. The horizontal distance between the player and the hoop is 6.00 m. The hoop is 3.00m above the ground. Find the magnitude of the initial velocity of the ball which will cause it to go...
  26. P

    Initial state based on current state?

    I was wondering if it were in actuality possible to assume the universe was created from a big bang, as it seems we used current understanding of the laws of physics as they apply to us now, and extrapolated back. Could it be possible that the boundary conditions we form our laws of physics upon...
  27. C

    Solving Problem with Derivatives as Initial Conditions

    Homework Statement I've been given equations that have derivatives as initial conditions, rather than things like u(0,t)=u(L,t)=0 Things like this: http://img444.imageshack.us/img444/5082/mathu.th.jpg Uploaded with ImageShack.us Homework Equations The Attempt at a...
  28. G

    Initial value problem for system of two diff. equation

    Hi all! I have quiet a lot a problems solving and programing with Mathematica this system of diff. equations: y'[x] == 1/b[x], b'[x] == 1/ubb 1/(y[x] + R1) 1/b[x] (uba 1/(y[x] + R1) - ub), b[0] == b00, y[0] == 0 y[2] == Sqrt[5] where ubb, uba, ub are functions: ub = b[x] -...
  29. P

    How Is Initial Velocity Calculated in a Spring Gun?

    A spring gun has a spring with a constant of 2.0 N/cm. If the spring is compressed 3.0cm and the gun is loaded with a .15 kg ball, what will be the initial velocity? Equations such as E(k subscript)=0.5mv^2 E(p subscript)-mgh [b]3. i think that since...
  30. L

    How do you find final velocity with initial velocity and energy gained?

    Homework Statement It gives the mass, energy gained (change in energy), initial velocity and power and time I　need to find final velocity Homework Equations EK= 0.5mv^2 The Attempt at a Solution I was thinking of plug in the number into above formula but if i do this i won't be...
  31. D

    Fraction of the initial kinetic energy is transferred?

    Homework Statement This is a 2 part question and I already solved for part I. Part II is what I don't get. a) A 3.16 g object moving to the right at 24.3 cm/s makes an elastic head-on-collision with a 6.32 g object that is initially at rest. The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 . 24.3 cm/s...
  32. S

    Initial Acceleration of Wood in Water

    Homework Statement For the following problem: A piece of balsa wood with density .50 g/cm^3 is released under water. What is its initial acceleration? I have gotten this far: Fnet=Fbuoy-mg -ma=p(water)gV(displaced)- p(wood)g(Vdisplaced) =(p(water)-p(wood))gV=-ma where p="rho" But in this...
  33. V

    Rotating wheel initial angular velocity given final and time

    Homework Statement A rotation wheel required 3.0 s to complete 37 revolutions. its angular speed at the end of the 3.0 s interval is 98 rad/s. what was the original angular speed of the wheel? Homework Equations average omega = change in angle/change in time The Attempt at a...
  34. C

    Wave Equation with Continuous Piecewise Initial Velocity

    Homework Statement Hello I am asked to find the solution to the following equation no infinite series solutions allowed. We are given that there is a string of length 4 with the following... ytt=yxx With y(0,t) = 0 y(4,t) = 0 y(x,0) = 0 yt(x,0) = x from [0,2] and (4-x) from [2,4]. Homework...
  35. T

    Initial velocities of a snowmobile collision

    Homework Statement A police officer arrives at the scene of a collision of the two snowmobiles to find both drivers unconscious. When two vehicles collided, their skis became entangled and the two snowmobiles remained locked together as they skidded to a stop. One driver was thrown clear of...
  36. T

    Initial velocity of a snowmobile collision

    Hey everyone; I am a grade 12 student and I am totally stuck on this question and would appreciate your help. I don't want just the answer, I need help with the steps so that I understand how to do this type of problem. Here's the question: A police officer arrives at the...
  37. D

    Projectiles: Hitting x and y with initial height given.

    Hi, we can determine the velocity to hit x and y point with angle of projection given. but can we do the same if the initial height of projection is given?
  38. D

    Solution to an initial value problem

    Homework Statement dy/dx=5y(1-y) y(0)=0.1 x belongs to [0; 2] Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution dy/5y(1-y)=dx using partial fractions (1/(-y^2+y))=1/(y(1-y))= A/y+B/1-y multiplying both sides by (y(1-y)) gives 1=A(1-y)+B(y) when y=0 1=A so A=1 when y=1...
  39. P

    Why Does Initial Velocity Not Affect Vertical Distance Travelled?

    why doesn't the vertical distance traveled in the given time ,under the action of gravity alone, below the straight line it would follow in the absence of gravity, depend upon the angle of projection of a projectile? With no gravity, the projectile, which is projected at an angle at certain...
  40. J

    Two Asteroids Colliding- Find the Initial Velocities

    1. Homework Statement Two asteroids of 1.0x107kg and 6.0x107kg respectively, are initially at rest in interstellar space separated by a large distance. Thier mutual gravitational attraction then causes then to fall toward each other on a straight line. Assume the asteroids are spheres of...
  41. A

    Finding Initial Velocity with barely anything

    Homework Statement Someone throws a rubber ball vertically upward from the roof of a building 8.00 m in height. The ball rises, then falls. It misses the edge of the roof, and strikes the ground. If the ball is in the air for 3.00 s, what was its initial velocity? (Disregard air resistance...
  42. bcrowell

    Inflation requires initial symmetry?

    I'm reading Roger Penrose's Cycles of Time. On p. 124 he's explaining why he thinks inflation doesn't solve the mystery of why the universe started out in a low-entropy state. He argues that a high-entropy collapsing FLRW universe would consist of "a horrendous mess of congealing black holes,"...
  43. J

    Finding initial velocity given angle, friction, and distance

    Homework Statement Johnny jumps off a swing, lands sitting down on a grassy 20 degree slope, and slides 3.5m down the slope before stopping. The coefficient of kinetic friction between grass and the seat of Johnny's pants is 0.5 What was his initial speed on the grass?
  44. C

    Laplace Transform (First Order Differential Equation With Initial Value)

    Homework Statement Y' + 8y = e^-2t*sint, with initial condition y(0) = 0 Homework Equations L{e^(-2t)sin(t)} = 1/((s+2)²+1) The Attempt at a Solution Alright so I've been working on this one for about an hour, I really don't know why but I'm having major problems with these types...
  45. C

    Laplace Transforms (First Order DE with Initial Value)

    Y' + 8y = e^-2t*sint, with initial condition y(0) = 0 Alright so I've been working on this one for about an hour, I really don't know why but I'm having major problems with these types of problems, whether i don't understand how to set it up or I don't understand partial fraction...
  46. M

    Initial value problem - value returns invalid operation

    Homework Statement Solve the initial value problem Given: x=0, y=-2Homework Equations 2x(y+1)dx - ydy = 0The Attempt at a Solution Manipulating the given equation: --> 2x(y+1)dx - ydy = 0 --> 2xdx = ydy/(y+1) --> 2xdx = (1 - 1/y+1)dy --> 2x2/2 = y - ln(y+1) + lnC (where lnC is a constant)...
  47. S

    Inflation and initial conditions

    Its been argued that inflation needs the initial conditions to be finely tuned: eg: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation_(cosmology)#Fine-tuning_problem does this paper resolve this problem...
  48. O

    How Fast to Launch an Object from Mercury for a Final Speed of 3000 m/s?

    The radius of Mercury (from the center to just above the atmosphere) is 2440 km (2440x10^3 m), and its mass is 0.3x10^24 kg. An object is launched straight up from just above the atmosphere of Mercury. (a) What initial speed is needed so that when the object is far from Mercury its final...
  49. H

    Kinematics: Projectile with no initial velocity

    Homework Statement A person wants to shoot a rocket off of a mountain 3.70 km high so that the rocket, when shot at 37.7° above the horizontal from the very top of the mountain, lands at the foot of the mountain 9.65 km (horizontal distance) away. What initial speed must the rocket have...
  50. H

    Finding Initial Velocity with no time or other Velocities

    Homework Statement An Olympic basketball player shoots towards a basket that is 5.52 m horizontally from her and 3.05 m above the floor. The ball leaves her hand 1.52 m above the floor at an angle of 32.0o above the horizontal. What initial speed should she give the ball so that it reaches the...
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