Thermal expansion of each dimension of a solid

In summary, thermal expansion is the tendency of a substance to expand when heated and contract when cooled. It is caused by an increase in kinetic energy of the atoms/molecules in the substance. This expansion affects the dimensions of a solid, with length, width, and height increasing and density decreasing when heated. However, thermal expansion varies among different materials. It can also cause damage to structures if they are not designed to account for it.
  • #1
hoomanya
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Hi, I am trying to work out how much each dimension of a solid (for instance an annular disc) made out of steel changes assuming that the solid is heated uniformly and is not constrained at any of its boundaries. Am I right in saying that, the linear expansion equation L = L_0 (1+ α ΔT) can be applied to each dimension individually or should the dimensions be considered related and/or the calculations are more complex?
Thanks,
 
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  • #2
hoomanya said:
Am I right in saying that, the linear expansion equation L = L_0 (1+ α ΔT) can be applied to each dimension individually
You are right. You can apply that expansion formula to any linear dimension.
 

Related to Thermal expansion of each dimension of a solid

What is thermal expansion?

Thermal expansion is the tendency of a substance to expand in volume or length when it is heated and contract when it is cooled.

What causes thermal expansion in solids?

Thermal expansion in solids is caused by the increase in kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules that make up the substance when it is heated. This increase in energy causes the atoms/molecules to vibrate faster and take up more space, resulting in expansion.

How does thermal expansion affect the dimensions of a solid?

Thermal expansion affects the dimensions of a solid by causing it to expand or contract in a specific direction. For example, when a solid is heated, its length, width, and height will increase, while its density will decrease. When it is cooled, the opposite will occur.

Is thermal expansion the same for all solids?

No, thermal expansion varies depending on the material and its physical properties. Some materials, such as metals, have a higher coefficient of thermal expansion, meaning they expand more when heated compared to other materials.

Can thermal expansion cause damage to structures?

Yes, thermal expansion can cause damage to structures if they are not designed to account for it. For example, if a structure is built with materials that have a high coefficient of thermal expansion, it can lead to cracks and structural damage when exposed to extreme temperature changes.

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