What is Value: Definition and 1000 Discussions

In ethics, value denotes the degree of importance of some thing or action, with the aim of determining what actions are best to do or what way is best to live (normative ethics), or to describe the significance of different actions. Value systems are prospective and prescriptive beliefs; they affect ethical behavior of a person or are the basis of their intentional activities. Often primary values are strong and secondary values are suitable for changes. What makes an action valuable may in turn depend on the ethical values of the objects it increases, decreases or alters. An object with "ethic value" may be termed an "ethic or philosophic good" (noun sense).Values can be defined as broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of actions or outcomes. As such, values reflect a person's sense of right and wrong or what "ought" to be. "Equal rights for all", "Excellence deserves admiration", and "People should be treated with respect and dignity" are representatives of values. Values tend to influence attitudes and behavior and these types include ethical/moral values, doctrinal/ideological (religious, political) values, social values, and aesthetic values. It is debated whether some values that are not clearly physiologically determined, such as altruism, are intrinsic, and whether some, such as acquisitiveness, should be classified as vices or virtues.

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  1. S

    What are the expectation values for position and momentum in states Ψ0 and Ψ1?

    For question 2.2: <Ψ0|p|Ψ0> = ∫Ψ0 -iħ d/dx(Ψ0) =M Using Integration by parts i get: M = -Ψ0 iħ d/dx(Ψ0) (assuming hilbert space) Implying the expectation values for momentum are zero , however i get all the expectation values are zero for x and momentum in both states which makes no sense :(
  2. karush

    MHB 219 GRE what is the value of g'(1)

    $\tiny{219\quad inverse function}$ Let $f(x)=(2x+1)^3$ and let g be the inverse of $f$. Given that $f(0)=1$, what is the value of $g'(1)?$ $(A)\, \dfrac{2}{27} \quad (B)\, \dfrac{1}{54} \quad (C)\, \dfrac{1}{27} \quad (D)\, \dfrac{1}{6} \quad (E)\, 6$ so rewrite at...
  3. S

    Finding the value of a fraction

    I tried to do like this: \frac{((76 - 15)^4 + 324)((76 - 3)^4 + 324)((76 + 9)^4 + 324)((76 + 21)^4 + 324)}{((76 - 21)^4 + 324)((76 - 9)^4 + 324)((76 + 3)^4 + 324)((76 + 15)^4 + 324)} Then stucked Thanks
  4. S

    I Assigning a value for integrating a divergent oscillatory function to infinity

    There are meaningful ways to assign values to things like 1 - 1 + 1 + ... or 1 - 2 + 3 - 4 + ... In a similar spirit, is it possible to assign a value to the integral of a function like this: ##f(x)=x*sin(x)## or this one: ##g(x)=Re(x^{1+5i})## (Integrals from some value, say zero, up...
  5. baywa2

    Determine the capacitor value so that this circuit is in resonance

    L=100mh=0.1H ω=10^3 rad/s -> f = 159Hz XL= ωL= 2πfL= 2π*159*0.1= 99.90 Ω Z parallel = [(XL∠90º)*R2] / [(XL∠90º)-R2]= 37.13∠-21.8º XC= 1/ωC= 1/(2 π f C) I don't see how I am supposed to get to C
  6. andrea1313

    Black cube, maximal and minimal value of equilibrium temperature T

    So i had this problem and I want a rigourous solution. The answer should be : Tmin=(I/sigma)^(1/4) and Tmax=(sqrt(3I)/sigma)^1/4
  7. E

    Expectation value of operators and squeezing in the even cat state

    I started and successfully showed that the expectation of X_1 and X_2 are zero. However the expectation value of X1^2 and X2^2 which I am getting is <X1^2> = 0.25 + \alpha^2 and <X2^2> = 0.25. How do I derive the given equations?
  8. C

    MHB Problem (c) for Discrete Value Ring

    Problem (c) for Discrete Value Ring for a unit I am stuck in the middle of a proof. Here is the background information from Dummit and Foote Abstract Algebra 2nd ed.: Let $K$ be a field. A discrete valuation on $K$ on a function $\nu$: $K^{\times} \to \Bbb{Z}$ satisfying $\nu(a\cdot...
  9. A

    I Function value at different points

    If for a field say ##f=xyz## ,it's value is defined at 10 points in the 3-D Cartesian co-ordinate system...now using these 10 values of f and the corresponding coordinates is it possible to find the value of f at any ##(x,y,z)## of choice??
  10. Q

    Job Skills Value of an engineering PhD versus a Masters ->Industry

    I need to decide if I want to continue onto a PhD in Electrical Engineering or exit with my MS. I'm not sure what to do, I think academics is kind of cool and I would like to learn more, on the otherhand I sort of want to start working on Real World projects that have some impact and making an...
  11. dvscrobe

    RMS and DC Value Displays of Waveforms on LTspice

    I hope I am posting this in correct forum section. I just downloaded LTspice for my Power Electronics course. Does anyone know if the software can display the DC component of a waveform such as found by determining the Fourier series of a waveform?
  12. karush

    MHB 31.6 Solve the initial value problem

    $\tiny{31.6}$ Solve the initial value problem $Y'=\left|\begin{array}{rr}2 & 1 \\-1 & 2 \end{array}\right|Y +\left|\begin{array}{rr}e^x \\0 \end{array}\right|, \quad Y(0)=\left|\begin{array}{rr} 1 \\1 \end{array}\right| $ ok so we have the form $y'=AY+G$ rewrite as $$\displaystyle...
  13. archaic

    B Thinking about the mean value theorem without geometry

    Hello guys, is it possible to "see" the mean value theorem when one is only thinking of numerical values without visualizing a graph? Perhaps through a real world problem?
  14. C

    How to know what m value to plug into thin film interference equations

    How do I work out what m value (0, 1/2, 1 etc) to put in the thin film interference equations like 2nt = (m + 1/2)*lambda? Does it depend if it's constructive or destructive? Could someone help explain, thanks!
  15. Skyland

    The Possibility of Value in Amalgam Alloys of Gold, Copper and Silver

    Would using mercury to form amalgam alloys combining gold, copper, and silver have any electronic value? Has this amalgam ever been made and tested in conductivity and Malleability? Or would it just be an expensive filling?
  16. SamRoss

    I Necessity of absolute value in Cauchy Schwarz inequality

    Reading The Theoretical Minimum by Susskind and Friedman. They state the following... $$\left|X\right|=\sqrt {\langle X|X \rangle}\\ \left|Y\right|=\sqrt {\langle Y|Y \rangle}\\ \left|X+Y\right|=\sqrt {\left({\left<X\right|+\left<Y\right|}\right)\left({\left|X\right>+\left|Y\right>}\right)}$$...
  17. J

    I Value of beta in Boltzmann Statistics taking degeneracy into account

    Hello, The relationship between entropy ##S##, the total number of particles ##N##, the total energy ##U(β)##, the partition function ##Z(β## and a yet to be defined constant ##β## is: $$S(\beta)=k_BN \cdot \ln(Z(\beta)) - \beta k_B \cdot U(\beta)$$ Which leads to: $$\frac{dS}{d\beta} =...
  18. J

    Determine the required value of feedback (H) to control the heater output

    Just need a bit of guidance to make sure that I am heading the right way. Question is: Fig 3 shows the block diagram of the control of an electric heating system. The heater is driven from a voltage-controlled power supply, the voltage V1 being derived from a potientiometer. The output...
  19. rexxii

    I What is the probability of a cable having a breaking load greater than 6200 N?

    Hi, I'm working on a question now where I need to calculate the z value. which I have been able to but I'm calculating a value off the normal distribution that is on the left-hand side of the normal distribution curve and it needs to on the right side. As the value I'm looking into is higher...
  20. T

    Initial Value Equations from ADM Formalism - Trying again

    ##\delta(- N\mathcal{H}) = \delta(-N[\gamma^{-\frac{1}{2}}(Trπ ^2 - \frac{1}{2}(Trπ )^2 -\gamma^{\frac{1}{2}}R])## and I am going to concentrate on the first part and find ##\delta(-N[\gamma^{-\frac{1}{2}}(Trπ ^2 - \frac{1}{2}(Trπ )^2]) ## wrt ##g_{ij}##. ##\delta(-N[\gamma^{-\frac{1}{2}}(Trπ...
  21. keir

    Help me calculate the value of h when I know a formula and the value of g

    The result of h from my calculations is equal to about 162321138 when it should be about 400km or 400000m and I don't why.
  22. karush

    MHB 3.1.11 find the solution of the given initial value problem:

    find the solution of the given initial value problem: $6y''-5y'+y=0\quad y(0)=4 \quad y'(0)=0$ if $r=e^{5t}$ then $\displaystyle 6y''-5y'+y=(r-3)(r-2)=0$ then $y=c_1e^{3t}+c_1e^{2t}=0$ for $y(0)=4$ $y(0)=c_1e^{3(0)}+c_1e^{2(0)}=4$ ok I don't see how the last few steps lead to the...
  23. M

    Finding the maximum value of the electric field

    I tried to find it the following way but to no avail: Let maximum value of ##\sigma## be ##S## Now unfortunately, we do not have a maximum value for ##\dfrac{1}{r^2}## because the field point can be as close as we want to the arbitrary surface charge. (The field at a point on the surface is...
  24. S

    Proving |a|=|-a|: Using Cases and Triangle Inequality"

    Problem Statement: Prove that |a|=|-a| Relevant Equations: ##|a|= a, ## if ## a \geq 0 ## and -a, if ## a \leq 0 ## Somewhat stumped on where to start... i know that we need to use cases. If we consider ##a\geq 0##, then are we allowed to use the fact that ##|-a|=|-1|\cdot|a| = |a| ##? This...
  25. T

    Initial Value Equations out of ADM formalism

    In my earlier post, I demonstrated a way to derive MTW's Equation (21.90), ##16π\mathfrak{L}_{geom} = - \dot π^{ij} γ_{ij} - N\mathcal{H} -N_i\mathcal{H^i}-2(π^{ij}N_j-½N^iTrπ+γ^½N^{|i})_{,i}## MTW (21.90) I received my first two 'likes' for this which made me really happy - Thanks...
  26. karush

    MHB Km8,38 Find the value of \theta if it exists

    Find the value of $\theta$ if it exists $$\theta=\tan^{-1}\sqrt{3}$$ rewrite $$\tan(\theta)=\sqrt{3}$$ using $\displaystyle\tan\theta = \frac{\sin\theta}{\cos\theta}$ then if $\displaystyle\theta = \frac{\pi}{3}$ $$\displaystyle\frac{\sin\theta}{\cos\theta}...
  27. user366312

    Finding the value of ##P(X_3 = 1|X_1 = 2) = ?## in a Markov Chain

    ##P^2=\begin{bmatrix} 1/2&0&1/2\\ 0&1/2&1/2\\ 1/2&1/2&0 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 1/2&0&1/2\\ 0&1/2&1/2\\ 1/2&1/2&0 \end{bmatrix}= \begin{bmatrix} 1/2 & 1/4 & 1/4\\ 1/4 & 1/2 & 1/4\\ 1/4 & 1/4 & 1/2 \end{bmatrix}## So, ##P(X_3 = 1|X_1 = 2) = 1/4##. Is this solution correct?
  28. L

    I Expectation value of the occupation number in the FD and BE distributions

    In the derivation of the Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein distributions, we compute the Grand Partion Function ##Q##. With ##Q##, we can compute the espection value of the occupation number ##n_{l}##. This is the number of particles in the same energy level ##\varepsilon _{l}##. The book I am...
  29. mertcan

    I AICc value derivation (Akaike information criteria for finite samples)

    Hi everyone, initially let me introduce a concept widely used in ARIMA in the following. $$AICc = AIC + \frac {2k^2+2k} {n-k-1}$$ where n denotes the sample size and k denotes the number of parameters. Thus, AICc is essentially AIC with an extra penalty term for the number of parameters. Note...
  30. A

    A Matrix Exponential to Approximate the Value of Matrizant

    Hello, Consider the system of linear homogeneous differential equations of first order dy/dx = A(x) y where x denotes the independent variable, A(x) is a square matrix, and y is an unknown vector-function...
  31. opus

    Initial Value w/ Vector-Valued Function

    From ##\vec r''(t)## we integrate to get $$\vec r'(t) = \left(-\sin(t)+C_1\right)\hat i + \left(6\cos(2t)+C_2\right)\hat j - \left(9.8t+C_3\right)\hat k$$ Solving for the C constants using ##\vec r'(0) = 1\hat i + 6\hat j + 0\hat k##, ##\vec r'(0) = <C_1, C_2, C_3>## ##=<1, 6, 0>## So we now...
  32. M

    Why Use Nuclear Charge In Finding Energy Value of Singular Electron?

    My Textbook says this is the formula to find energy values for electron shells: $$E_{mol of electrons} = \frac{-1312kJ}{n^2}$$ where $n$ is in electron shell number But when we divide by 1 mol to get the energy value for each electron we get $$E_{electron} = \frac{-2.178 \cdot 10^{-18}}{n^2}...
  33. FallenApple

    Can Bitcoin be a store of value?

    Can it be treated like a rare commodity that is of high value? Gold isn't legal tender either but it's rarity and demand keeps the market value reasonably high. Are there any fundamental reasons why bitcoin wouldn't turn out to be like a precious metal? I'm talking long term. Right now, I...
  34. C

    Value of x that maximises the integral in a numerical integrator

    Consider an integral of form $$\int_a^b dx f(x) g(x).$$ Is it possible to tell a numerical integrator to spit out the value of ##x \in [a,b]## that maximises the value of ##f(x)g(x)##? I'm mostly interested in incorporating this into some code I have for adaptive integrator gsl_qags in C++...
  35. lfdahl

    MHB Limit of the smallest function value

    Let $m_n$ be the smallest value of the function: $$f_n(x)=\sum_{k=0}^{2n}x^k.$$ Show, that $m_n\to\frac{1}{2}$ as $n \to \infty$. Source: Nordic Math. Contest
  36. M

    "Y plus" calculator value for a fuel bundle

    Hi everyone, I am using a online y plus calculator to work out the y plus value for a fuel bundle. http://www.pointwise.com/yplus/ In regards to the reference length, I have been told by peers to utilise the hydraulic diameter using 4A/P where A is the cross sectional area, and P is the wetted...
  37. J

    I Time evolution of an expectation value

    Watching Dr. Susskind show how to find the time evolution of the average of an observable K, he writes: I can not for the life of me figure out he derived it, and he also did something which I found terribly annoying throughout which is set hbar to 1, so after steps you lose where the hbar...
  38. CharlieCW

    Kramers-Kronig Relations: Principal Value

    I'm kind of confused on how to evaluate the principal value as it's a topic I've never seen in complex analysis and all the literature I've read so far only deals with the formal definition, not providing an example on how to calculate it properly. Therefore, I think just understanding at least...
  39. wolram

    What is the value in visiting the Moon again?

    Just interested in what may be achieved by putting a man/men on the moon again.
  40. T

    MHB Calc Expected Value & Variance of Multivar. Func.

    Hey, I've got this problem that I've been trying to crack for a while. I can't find any info for multi-variable expected values in my textbook, and I couldn't find a lot of stuff that made sense to me online. Here's the problem. Find $E(C)$ Find $Var(C)$ I tried to get the limits from the...
  41. J

    Finding the expected value of position in a Potential Well

    Homework Statement Hello today I am solving a problem where an electron is trapped in a potential well. I have a solved Schrodinger's Equation. I am having problems in figuring out what the wave function should be. When I solved the equation I got a complex exponential. I know I cannot use the...
  42. V

    How to find the value of a complex number with high exponent

    Homework Statement Find the value of (-√3 + i)43/243 Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I do not know how to really go about this problem. I know that i0=1, i1=i, i2=-1, i3=-i, and I tried to use that to help but I got to no where, I also tried to break up the exponent into...
  43. V

    Solve the initial value problem

    Homework Statement Solve the initial value problem y1'=-13y1+4y2 y2'=-24y1+7y2 y1(0)=5, y2(0)=2 Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution Here is what I have: y'=[-13 4, -24 7]y I change it to A=[-13 4, -24 7] My eigenvalues are λ=-1 and λ=-5. My basis are [1/3 1] and [1/2 1]. Now I have...
  44. T

    How do I determine the uncertainty value of the star's absolute magnitude?

    Homework Statement I have a star that has an apparent magnitude of 13.73 with uncertainty of 0.03303 It's distance Modulus is 13.9967 so it's absolute magnitude is -0.26 The distance is 6300 parsecsHomework Equations [/B] The uncertainty on log10(d) is given by Δ(log10)≈0.4343 Δd/d ΔQ) =...
  45. Q

    Other What's the value of Classical Physics?

    I don't know where to put this but it is a question which is bothering me. From the perspective of a physicist who wants to generate new theories, what's the value in spending significant time learning classical theories? People slave always at books like Jacksons Electrodynamics but it's not...
  46. Arman777

    The mean value of the cube, Force Field Laplace equation

    Homework Statement I have a value of $$ U=U_0+x (∂U/∂x)+y(∂U/∂y)+z (∂U/∂z)+1/2x^2(∂^2U/∂x^2)+1/2y^(2∂^2U/∂y^2)+...$$ We need to find the mean value of the U. So the answer is $$\overline{\rm U}\approx U_0+a^2/24(∇^2U)$$Homework Equations $$\overline{\rm U}=1/a^3 \int \int\int Udxdydz$$ The...
  47. W

    Nutritional value of ready-made meals

    Moderator's note: This thread is an offshoot of https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/basic-cooking-physics.966819/ I cook all week long, need to chill home on weekends. I
  48. karush

    MHB Solve $\displaystyle 3y'-2y=e^{-\pi/2}\quad y(0)=a$: Find $a_0$ Exactly

    \tiny{b.2.1.23} 1000 Solve the initial value problem and find the critical value $\displaystyle a_0$ exactly. $\displaystyle 3y'-2y=e^{-\pi/2}\quad y(0)=a$ divide by 3 $\displaystyle y'-\frac{2}{3}y=\frac{e^{-\pi/2}}{3}$ with integrating factor $\displaystyle e^{-2t/3}$ multiply through...
  49. opus

    Abs Value Inequality with a Squared Term

    Homework Statement ##\left|\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^2\right| < 1## Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution The absolute value situation is throwing me off for some reason. Would it be correct to split this into two equations? ##-\left(\frac{x^2}{4}\right) > -1## and ##\frac{x^2}{4} < 1##...
  50. Mr Davis 97

    Smallest value of n given its sixth divisor

    Homework Statement All of the divisors of ##n## are in increasing order: ##1=d_1 < d_2 < \dots < d_t = n##. We know that ##d_6=15##. What is the smallest possible value of ##n##? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution Here is my reasoning. We have the chain ##1 < d_2 < d_3 < d_4 < d_5 <...
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