Momentum is a measure of an object's motion. It is calculated by multiplying an object's mass by its velocity. The formula for momentum is: p = mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.
Work is the transfer of energy from one object to another. It is calculated by multiplying the force applied to an object by the distance the object moves in the direction of the force. Work and energy are closely related, as work is a way of transferring energy between objects. The unit for both work and energy is the joule (J).
Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, while potential energy is the energy an object has due to its position or state. Kinetic energy is dependent on an object's mass and velocity, while potential energy is dependent on an object's position and the forces acting on it. Both types of energy are forms of mechanical energy.
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transferred from one form to another. This means that the total energy in a closed system remains constant.
The principle of conservation of momentum is applied in many real-life situations, such as collisions between objects. In a collision, the total momentum of the objects involved before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision, as long as there are no external forces acting on the system. This principle is also applied in rocket propulsion, where the momentum of the expelled gas propels the rocket forward.