Velocity is a vector quantity that measures the rate of change of an object's position with respect to time, including both direction and magnitude. Displacement, on the other hand, is a vector quantity that measures the change in an object's position from its starting point to its end point, without considering the path taken. In other words, velocity is the rate of change of displacement.
Velocity is calculated by dividing the change in an object's position (displacement) by the change in time. Mathematically, it is expressed as v = Δx/Δt, where v is velocity, Δx is change in position, and Δt is change in time.
Average velocity is the average rate of change of an object's position over a given interval of time, while instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific moment in time. In other words, average velocity considers the entire interval, while instantaneous velocity only considers a specific point within the interval.
Velocity affects displacement by determining the direction and magnitude of the object's movement. If the velocity is constant, then the displacement will be directly proportional to the velocity. However, if the velocity is changing, then the displacement will also be affected by the acceleration or deceleration of the object.
Velocity is typically measured in meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h), while displacement is measured in meters (m) or kilometers (km). However, other units such as miles per hour (mph) or feet per second (ft/s) may also be used depending on the context and preference of the scientist.