Capacitance is the ability of a system to store an electrical charge. It is measured in farads (F).
Impedance is a measure of the opposition to the flow of an alternating current (AC) in a circuit. It is measured in ohms (Ω).
Capacitance and impedance are related by the equation Z = 1/ωC, where Z is the impedance, ω is the angular frequency of the AC signal, and C is the capacitance. This means that as capacitance increases, impedance decreases and vice versa.
Capacitive reactance is the opposition to the flow of AC caused by capacitance, while inductive reactance is the opposition to the flow of AC caused by inductance. They are both types of impedance, but are caused by different factors.
Capacitance can be measured using a capacitance meter, while impedance can be measured using an impedance analyzer. These tools apply an AC signal to the circuit and measure the resulting voltage and current, allowing the capacitance and impedance to be calculated.