Specific Heat Problem and Thermos

In summary, in order to determine the change in temperature of the coffee after adding an ice cube, we need to calculate the amount of heat absorbed by the melting ice and the amount of heat lost by the coffee. This involves breaking the problem into two steps: first, calculating the change in temperature of the coffee as the ice melts, and then calculating the final temperature of the coffee once both the ice and the coffee have reached equilibrium.
  • #1
RTucekr
1
0

Homework Statement


An insulated Thermos contains 127 cm3 of hot coffee at 79°. You put a 12.0 g ice cube at its melting point to cool the coffee. By how many degrees has your coffee cooled once the ice has melted and equilibrium is reached? Treat the coffee as though it were pure water and neglect energy exchanges with the environment.

mw=0.127kg
Tiw=79+273=352K
mi=0.012kg
Tii=273K

Homework Equations


Q=mcΔT
Q=mLf

The Attempt at a Solution


Qtotal=Qwater+Qice melting+Qice warming=0

mILf+mIcw(Tf-Ti)+mwcw(Tf-Ti)=0
(0.012kg)(333x10^3 J/kg) + (0.012kg)(4180 J/(kg*k))(Tf-273K)+(0.127kg)(4180 J/(kg*K))(Tf-352)=0
Tf=338.303K or 65.302 C

ΔT=79-65.302=13.697C

Any help would be appreciated. I have no idea where I am going wrong with this one.
 
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  • #2
Break it up into two steps. M= mass of water and m = mass of ice.

1. Mass m of ice melts, absorbing mL units of energy, where L is the latent heat of fusion.
Temp of mass M of water drops to certain t1 from 79 C by giving out mL amount of heat. t1 can be found.

2. Mass m of water heats up from 0 C to t2, and mass M of water cools down to t2 from t1. Find t2.

If you use cgs units for this one, take 80 cal/g for L.
 
  • #3


Your solution looks correct. The only thing I would suggest is to use the specific heat capacity for water at its liquid state (4180 J/(kg*K)) instead of its solid state (333x10^3 J/kg). This may have been a typo, but it would change your final result slightly to Tf=338.324K or 65.324°C. Other than that, your solution is correct and you have correctly used the equations for heat transfer and phase change. Great job!
 

Related to Specific Heat Problem and Thermos

1. What is specific heat and why is it important in thermodynamics?

Specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius. It is important in thermodynamics because it helps us understand how much energy is needed to heat or cool a substance, and also how different substances store and release heat energy.

2. How is specific heat measured and what are the units?

Specific heat is typically measured using a calorimeter, which is a device that measures the transfer of heat between substances. It is expressed in units of joules per gram per degree Celsius (J/g°C) in the metric system, or in calories per gram per degree Celsius (cal/g°C) in the English system.

3. How does specific heat affect the temperature change of a substance?

The higher the specific heat of a substance, the more energy it requires to change its temperature. This means that substances with higher specific heat will have a slower temperature change, while substances with lower specific heat will experience a more rapid temperature change.

4. How does specific heat relate to the concept of thermos?

A thermos is a container designed to keep its contents at a constant temperature for an extended period of time. The specific heat of the materials used in the thermos, such as glass or stainless steel, plays a crucial role in this function. These materials have a high specific heat, which means they can absorb a large amount of heat before their temperature changes significantly, helping to maintain the temperature of the contents inside the thermos.

5. Can specific heat be changed and if so, how?

The specific heat of a substance is a physical property that is unique to each substance. It cannot be changed unless the substance undergoes a chemical reaction or phase change. However, the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a substance can be affected by external factors such as pressure and volume, which can alter the specific heat capacity of the substance.

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