Solve Galvanic Cell: 0.050M Cu2+, AlCl3 0.0118M

In summary, the conversation discussed the composition of a galvanic cell consisting of a half-cell with 0.050 M copper(II) sulfate and a copper electrode, and another half-cell with an unknown concentration of aluminum chloride and an aluminum electrode. The Nernst equation was used to calculate the potential of the cell, and the necessary concentration of AlCl3 for the log term in the equation to equal zero was determined to be 0.0118 M. However, due to the reactivity and oxide covering of aluminum, this calculation may not accurately reflect the actual potential of the cell.
  • #1
reising1
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Homework Statement


Consider a Galvanic Cell composed of one half-cell containing 0.050 M copper(II) sulfate with a copper electrode and another half-cell containing an unknown concentration of aluminum chloride, AlCl3, and an aluminum electrode.

a. Write the Nernst equation for this galvanic cell, replacing as many variables as possible with numbers.
b. What concentration of AlCl3 would be necessary for the log term in the Nernst equation to equal zero.

The Attempt at a Solution



a. 2Al + 3Cu2+ -> 2Al3+ + 3Cu
Delta E standard = E(cathode) - E(anode) = .3402 - -1.706 = 2.0462

Delta E = E standard - .05917 / n (log Q)
Delta E = 2.0462 - (.05915/6) log( (Al3+)^2 / (Cu2+)^3 )

b. log( (Al3+)^2 / (Cu2+)^3 ) = 0
(Al3+)^2 / (Cu2+)^3 = 1
(Al3+)^2 / (.05)^3 = 1
Al3+ = .0118 M

Is this correct?
 
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  • #2
Looks OK at first sight, but I can be missing something.

I don't like the idea of Al electrode in water. Al is reactive enough to displace hydrogen from water, plus it is always covered with oxide, so calculating electrode potential as if it was any other metal is a waste of time and has nothing to do with reality.
 

1. What is a galvanic cell?

A galvanic cell is an electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy into electrical energy through a spontaneous redox reaction.

2. How do you solve a galvanic cell?

To solve a galvanic cell, you need to first write out the balanced redox reaction and determine the standard cell potential. Then, use the Nernst equation to calculate the cell potential under non-standard conditions. Finally, use the cell potential to calculate the concentration of ions in the cell.

3. What is the concentration of Cu2+ in a 0.050M Cu2+ solution?

The concentration of Cu2+ in a 0.050M Cu2+ solution is 0.050 mol/L.

4. What is the concentration of AlCl3 in a 0.0118M solution?

The concentration of AlCl3 in a 0.0118M solution is 0.0118 mol/L.

5. How does the concentration of ions affect the cell potential?

The concentration of ions in a galvanic cell affects the cell potential through the Nernst equation. As the concentration of ions increases, the cell potential decreases and vice versa. This is because the concentration of ions affects the driving force for the redox reaction, which in turn affects the cell potential.

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