Signs in the definition of anti de Sitter spacetimes

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In summary, the hyperboloid in ##\mathbb{R}^3## and the anti-de Sitter space AdS##_{2}## in ##\mathbb{E}^{2,1}## are both connected surfaces with negative curvature, but they differ in the signs of their respective metrics and equations. While the hyperboloid has a negative Gaussian curvature, the anti-de Sitter space has a negative Riemann curvature. It is possible to obtain the anti-de Sitter space by changing the signs in the metric and equation of the hyperboloid, but the resulting surface would have a different form and notation.
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spaghetti3451
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Consider the definition (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperboloid) of the hyperboloid in ##\mathbb{R}^3## with the metric

$$ds^{2}=dx^{2}+dy^{2}+dz^{2}.$$

The one-sheet (hyperbolic) hyperboloid is a connected surface with a negative Gaussian curvature at every point. The equation is

$$x^{2}+y^{2}-z^{2} = R^{2}.$$

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Now consider the definition (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-de_Sitter_space#Definition_and_properties) of the anti-de-Sitter space AdS##_{2}## in ##\mathbb{E}^{2,1}## with the metric

$$ds^{2} = - dt^{2} + dx^{2} - dy^{2}.$$

This is a connected surface with a negative Riemann curvature. The equation

$$- t^{2} + x^{2} - y^{2} = - R^{2}.$$

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Why can we not obtain the anti-de-Sitter space AdS##_{2}## by

1. putting a negative sign in front of ##dx^{2}## in the metric of ##\mathbb{R}^3##, and

2. putting a negative sign in front of ##x^2## in the equation of the hyperboloid in ##\mathbb{R}^3##?
 
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I am not sure I understand the question, but of course you can consider a surface with equation ##-t^2-x^2+y^2=-R^2##. To be consistent with the notations you should write it as ##-t_1^2-t_2^2+x_1^2=-R^2##.
 

Related to Signs in the definition of anti de Sitter spacetimes

What is a definition of anti de Sitter spacetimes?

Anti de Sitter spacetimes are a type of non-flat spacetime in which the curvature is negative. They are described by the anti de Sitter metric, which is a solution to the Einstein field equations in general relativity.

What are the main characteristics of anti de Sitter spacetimes?

Anti de Sitter spacetimes have a constant negative curvature and are infinite in size. They also have a boundary, known as the "boundary at infinity," which has unique properties such as conformal symmetry.

What are the implications of anti de Sitter spacetimes in theoretical physics?

Anti de Sitter spacetimes play a significant role in theoretical physics, particularly in the study of string theory and holography. They are also used in the AdS/CFT correspondence, a duality that relates a quantum field theory in a lower-dimensional spacetime to a gravitational theory in a higher-dimensional anti de Sitter spacetime.

How do anti de Sitter spacetimes differ from de Sitter spacetimes?

Anti de Sitter spacetimes have a negative curvature, while de Sitter spacetimes have a positive curvature. Additionally, de Sitter spacetimes have a constant positive curvature, while anti de Sitter spacetimes have a variable negative curvature.

What are some real-world applications of anti de Sitter spacetimes?

Anti de Sitter spacetimes are mainly used in theoretical physics, but they have also been applied in cosmology to model the expansion of the universe. They have also been used in the study of black holes and their thermodynamics.

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