The magnitude of electric field is a measure of the strength of the electric field at a given point. It is defined as the force per unit charge experienced by a test charge placed at that point. This means that the larger the magnitude of electric field, the stronger the force on the test charge will be.
The magnitude of electric field can be calculated using the equation E = F/q, where E is the magnitude of electric field, F is the force acting on the test charge, and q is the magnitude of the test charge. This equation is derived from Coulomb's Law, which states that the force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
The direction of electric field is always in the direction that a positive test charge would be pushed or pulled if placed in the field. This means that the direction of electric field is always away from positive charges and towards negative charges.
The direction of electric field is represented by electric field lines. These lines show the direction and strength of the electric field at different points in space. The lines always point away from positive charges and towards negative charges, and the closer the lines are together, the stronger the electric field at that point.
The magnitude of electric field is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between two charges. This means that as the distance between charges increases, the magnitude of electric field decreases. However, the direction of electric field is not affected by distance, as it always points in the direction of the force on a positive test charge, regardless of the distance between the charges.