How Do Forces Between Protons and Electrons Compare in Physics?

In summary, the electrostatic force exerted by a proton on an electron is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the electrostatic force exerted by an electron on a proton, as stated by Newton's third law. This is because the charge and distance between the particles remains the same. On the other hand, the gravitational force exerted by a proton on an electron is much smaller compared to the electrostatic force due to the difference in nature of the forces.
  • #1
Phy726
4
0

Homework Statement


How does …
(a) the electrostatic force exerted by a proton on an electron compare to the electrostatic force exerted by an electron on a proton?
(b) the gravitational force exerted by a proton on an electron compare to the gravitational force exerted by an electron on a proton?


Homework Equations


F = kq1q2 / r2


The Attempt at a Solution


Will the opposites attract when their is electrostatic force?
And repel when there is a gravitational force
 
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  • #2
Newton's 3rd Law is all you need.

And repel when there is a gravitational force
Gravity acts on Mass, not electric charge.
 
  • #3
How would the electrostatic force compare from a proton on a electron to vice- versa?
 
  • #4
Does the electrostatic force stay the same because the charge of the proton and electron are the same as well as the coulomb constant and radius?
 
  • #5
[itex]F=\frac{q_1q_2}{4\pi\epsilon_0r^2}[/itex] is the magnitude of the force. Will that change?
[itex]q_1q_2=q_2q_1[/itex] since they are scalars. But you don't even need that equation to answer the question (your teacher might want you to compute it anyway, but it is unnecessary to answer the question). The answer comes from Newton's third law.
 
  • #6
Does the electrostatic force stay the same because the charge of the proton and electron are the same as well as the coulomb constant and radius?

Yes. Those are the same. All that changes is which particle is being acted upon.
 

Related to How Do Forces Between Protons and Electrons Compare in Physics?

1. What is Coulomb's Law?

Coulomb's Law is a fundamental law of electrostatics that describes the force between two charged particles. It states that the force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

2. How do I calculate the force using Coulomb's Law?

To calculate the force between two charges using Coulomb's Law, you need to know the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them. The equation is F = k * (Q1 * Q2)/d^2, where F is the force, k is the Coulomb's constant (9 x 10^9 N*m^2/C^2), Q1 and Q2 are the charges, and d is the distance between them.

3. What is the unit of force in Coulomb's Law?

The unit of force in Coulomb's Law is Newtons (N). This is the SI unit of force and is equivalent to 1 kg*m/s^2.

4. Can Coulomb's Law be used for any type of charge?

Yes, Coulomb's Law can be used to calculate the force between any type of charge, whether it is positive or negative. The only difference is that the force will be attractive for opposite charges and repulsive for like charges.

5. How is Coulomb's Law related to Newton's Law of Gravitation?

Coulomb's Law and Newton's Law of Gravitation are both inverse-square laws that describe the force between two objects. However, Coulomb's Law applies to electric charges, while Newton's Law of Gravitation applies to masses. The main difference is that electric charges can have both attractive and repulsive forces, while masses only have attractive forces.

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