Expected r^2 for the 2s wavefunction of hydrogen atom

In summary, the problem is to calculate the expected value for r^2 for the 2s wavefunction of the hydrogen atom, with a given radial function. The attempt at a solution involves integrating the squared radial function multiplied by r^2, and a possible method for solving the integral is mentioned using the gamma function.
  • #1
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Homework Statement


Calculate the expected value for r^2 for the 2s wavefunction of the hydrogen atom (only the radial part of the function is needed for l=0). If you choose to solve this problem graphically, plot or sketch the function you integrate.


Homework Equations


R(r)=1/sqrt(2a^3)*(1-r/2a)*e^(-r/2a) where a=bohr radius



The Attempt at a Solution


to calculate, i know you integrate (from 0 to inf) as follows: int((R(r))^2*r^2 dr),
but I'm having trouble solving the integral. I'm not sure how I would solve it graphically either.

Any help is appreciated. Thanks
 
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  • #2
If you're familiar with the gamma function, you can use

[tex]\Gamma(n) = \int_0^\infty t^{n-1}e^{-t}\,dt = (n-1)![/tex]

If you need to show that result, you can integrate by parts to prove it by induction. Or you can use this trick:

[tex]\int_0^\infty t^ne^{-\alpha t}\,dt = \int_0^\infty \left(-\frac{d}{d\alpha}\right)^n e^{-\alpha t}\,dt = \left(-\frac{d}{d\alpha}\right)^n \int_0^\infty e^{-\alpha t}\,dt[/tex]

Do the integral, differentiate, and then set [itex]\alpha=1[/itex].
 
Last edited:

Related to Expected r^2 for the 2s wavefunction of hydrogen atom

1. What is the expected value of r^2 for the 2s wavefunction of a hydrogen atom?

The expected value of r^2 for the 2s wavefunction of a hydrogen atom is 9/4, or approximately 2.25 Bohr radii squared. This means that the most probable distance of the electron from the nucleus in the 2s orbital is 2.25 times the Bohr radius.

2. How is the expected r^2 value for the 2s wavefunction calculated?

The expected r^2 value is calculated by taking the square of the radial probability density function for the 2s orbital and integrating it over all possible values of r. This integral is then divided by the square of the normalization constant for the 2s wavefunction.

3. Why is the expected r^2 value for the 2s wavefunction important?

The expected r^2 value for the 2s wavefunction is important because it provides information about the most probable distance of the electron from the nucleus in the 2s orbital. This is useful for understanding the electronic structure of atoms and predicting the behavior of electrons in chemical reactions.

4. Does the expected r^2 value for the 2s wavefunction change with the nuclear charge of the atom?

No, the expected r^2 value for the 2s wavefunction does not change with the nuclear charge of the atom. This value is solely dependent on the shape and size of the 2s orbital, which is determined by the principal quantum number (n=2) in the hydrogen atom.

5. How does the expected r^2 value for the 2s wavefunction compare to that of the 1s wavefunction?

The expected r^2 value for the 2s wavefunction is larger than that of the 1s wavefunction. This is because the 2s orbital has a larger radial extent, meaning that the electron is more likely to be found at greater distances from the nucleus compared to the 1s orbital.

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