Ethical Dilemma: Killing in War - Justifiable or Murder?

[motai]

Suppose you are in a warzone. You are in a concealed position and there is only one enemy soldier nearby. Both you and the enemy soldier are conscripted soldiers, neither desired to join the army in the first place. Also suppose that this will be the enemy soldier's last day in active combat duty, he will not pose a threat to you or your comrades in future engagements. Currently he isn't a threat because he does not know of your presence, and you are not in danger of being fired upon. There are no enemy reinforcements, it is just you and the soldier. You have your gun sights on the soldier, do you pull the trigger?

Is it justifyable to kill another human being in this circumstance in the name of patriotism or nationalism? If you were to kill the enemy soldier, wouldn't this just be murder?

 

[False Prophet]

Good question! I don't know how I would know he's a conscript and that it's his last day, but since I do know, he could technically still pose a threat to my allies later that day, and I will shoot him so as to do my duty. Yes I know that's unethical, but I could live with it. If I found out later he killed a friendly soldier, and I could have prevented it, I could never live with myself. Obligated or not, I have a job to do.

 

[BoulderHead]

Some interesting things happened in WWI. Personally, I would not shoot unless he made his political affiliation known to me.

 

[False Prophet]

I forgot to answer the rest of the questions. It wouldn't be murder, because I'm not killing him illegally, I'm supposed to kill him (we're at war). It wouldn't be for nationalism or patriotism, because I'm a conscript, fighting because I have to, not for pride.

 

[Zantra]

First of all, murder is murder, wether it's for a just cause or not. Even if others will applause you for it, it's still the taking of human life, which is murder by definition.

I remember during the gulf war in many Iraqi soldiers just giving up as soon as american troops showed up. This says to me that a lot of them were not fighting for a cause, but instead because they HAD to, or were being forced to. They didn't really believe in what they were fighting for. I vaguely remember a saying that goes something like this: a soldier with a gun is dangerous. A soldier with a cause is deadly.

If in this unlikely scenario, I knew this guy hadn't killed anyone, and that it was his last day and he didn't want to be there to begin with, I'd probably stand up and fire near him to let him know to surrender-or if I knew he wouldn't, I'd shoot him in the leg, and then take his weapon and take him as a POW. That way I wouldn't have to kill an "innocent" and I still took one more soldier out of action. "innocent of course being a loose term.

It's said that no one wins a war. Wars to me are stupid, but I still understand that they still must be taken up when they are brough upon us. Wars are started for emotional, not logical reasons.

 

[False Prophet]

What definition of murder are you using Zantra? The definition I'm using is killing illegally, brutally or inhumanly. Not all killing of humans is "murder".

 

[motai]

Personally I would not fire.

How would I react if I were in the enemy soldier's shoes? If I were him I wouldn't want to die because I am a conscript and I may have family home that loves me. Equally disturbing to me is that if I were the enemy soldier, I would not like my life taken so abruptly and quickly and without reason. At least in most combat situations one has a chance to survive; in this case the enemy soldier doesn't have an option (his survival depends totally on you).

I would also think of how this will effect this particular soldier's parents and family. To them, if I killed their son, they would probably say that I murdered their son. Their child, whom they have raised and loved for so long, would be gone by my hand. I don't think I could live knowing that I destroyed that soldier's family; all who knew him and cared for him, especially his parents, will be scarred for life.

More questions present themselves: What was this soldier's life goals? Did he want to go into science/math/engineering? Does he have children? A Wife? What if we share common interests? What life experiences did he have?

I don't think I could live knowing that I terminated all that was good in his life, leaving a gaping hole in his family.

 

[False Prophet]

motai, good point!
I would have to consider the campaign I was fighting for. If it were like liberating Europe from Germany in WWII I would pull the trigger, move on and waste the next Nazi. If they had a huge blatant patch on their uniform that said "Conscript, retiring tommorrow!" I don't know what I would do, unfortunatly the adreniline surge would likely hit me and I'd pull the trigger. It is war, but you're right about the damage I'm leaving behind. This question really has me pondering.

 

[cogito]

Suppose you are in a warzone. You are in a concealed position and there is only one enemy soldier nearby. Both you and the enemy soldier are conscripted soldiers, neither desired to join the army in the first place. Also suppose that this will be the enemy soldier's last day in active combat duty, he will not pose a threat to you or your comrades in future engagements. Currently he isn't a threat because he does not know of your presence, and you are not in danger of being fired upon. There are no enemy reinforcements, it is just you and the soldier. You have your gun sights on the soldier, do you pull the trigger?

Is it justifyable to kill another human being in this circumstance in the name of patriotism or nationalism? If you were to kill the enemy soldier, wouldn't this just be murder?

I'm trying to understand how this situation poses a dilemma? If the soldier in your sights is there because he was coerced via conscription, and if he poses no real threat to you or your comrades, then what reason would there be to kill him. Even if the war you are fighting is a just war (supply the necessary idealizations), it seems this soldier will have no influence on the success of your campaign. Shooting him is obviously morally wrong, on any remotely plausible ethical theory.

 

[False Prophet]

Yeah, I should just shoot him in the leg then.

 

[False Prophet]

Can I just say "You, drop your weapon. Let's go get a beer."

Does he speak the same language?

 

[False Prophet]

Even if the war you are fighting is a just war (supply the necessary idealizations), it seems this soldier will have no influence on the success of your campaign. Shooting him is obviously morally wrong, on any remotely plausible ethical theory.

I think you're right. There would be no good reason to kill him, unfortunatly I did it. If the situation really came up, adreneline would probably dictate my actions. I would pay for it when I meet my maker, I know he would forgive me. Really good point you have.

 

[russ_watters]

This is such an unrealistic thought experiment, pretty much any answer will work.

 

[False Prophet]

This is such an unrealistic thought experiment, pretty much any answer will work.

Well duh, this is a subjective question. Not all questions have right and wrong answers, it's just to learn about people and what their principles are. Do you not have a viewpoint of your own, did you just want to diss the thread?

 

[motai]

Russ, to make this a little more realistic, let's suppose that you received a direct order to kill any soldiers in the operational area. Now considering that this enemy soldier does not pose a threat to you or your allies, would it still be acceptable to shoot him? Does this justify killing another for your nation?

 

[russ_watters]

Well duh, this is a subjective question. Not all questions have right and wrong answers, it's just to learn about people and what their principles are. Do you not have a viewpoint of your own, did you just want to diss the thread?

Sorry, I think you may have misunderstood - what I meant was the question is so unrealistic as to be utterly meaningless. No, I don't have an answer, and none of the other answers would mean anything if they hadn't all changed the scenario into something more realistic. And an answer based on an impossible scenario doesn't really say anything about the morality of the person answering.

This is exactly like those anti-relativity questions: assuming an infinitely rigid rod, if you push on it, does the other end start moving instantly? So SR is wrong, right? Uh, no.

Russ, to make this a little more realistic, let's suppose that you received a direct order to kill any soldiers in the operational area. Now considering that this enemy soldier does not pose a threat to you or your allies, would it still be acceptable to shoot him?

My objection is that we can't possibly know what we are supposed to know. You didn't make the scenario any more realistic.

So, I guess my answer is that instead of shooting the soldier, I'd sprout wings, fly to Bagdhad, and kill Saddam myself.

 

[russ_watters]

A more realistic scenario:

You're in a war zone. You see an enemy soldier, he doesn't see you, and he poses no immediate threat to you. You assume he's a conscript because most are. You know nothing else about him. Your orders are to shoot all enemy soldiers on sight. Do you shoot?

 

[cogito]

This is such an unrealistic thought experiment, pretty much any answer will work.

Of course thought experiments abstract away from irrelevant details (e.g., what time of year is it, how color are the leaves in which you're hiding, etc.). But you seem to think that this thought experiment is so impoverished that it fails to pose an interesting question. Do you have an argument for this objection, or are you content with merely asserting it. If the latter, why should anybody in this thread take your objection seriously?

 

[cogito]

A more realistic scenario:

You're in a war zone. You see an enemy soldier, he doesn't see you, and he poses no immediate threat to you. You assume he's a conscript because most are. You know nothing else about him. Your orders are to shoot all enemy soldiers on sight. Do you shoot?

This is irrelevant to the question that was asked earlier. The earlier question asked whether killing was permissible, given that you know that your enemy is conscripted and poses no threat. If you'd like to discuss your example instead, perhaps you could start a different thread.

 

[russ_watters]

But you seem to think that this thought experiment is so impoverished that it fails to pose an interesting question. Do you have an argument for this objection, or are you content with merely asserting it. If the latter, why should anybody in this thread take your objection seriously?

I do have argument and I presented it already (and several others picked up on it too): we can't possibly know what you are saying we know.

edit: cogito, the reason I object so strongly to this is I was in the military, and it annoys me greatly when people judge the actions of soldiers based on impossible criterea: the fact that we can't know what you are saying we know is why the dilema exists. You utterly miss the point of your own thought experiment.

Also, you miss the point of thought experiments in general: as my SR example shows, a thought experiment that has no basis in reality can't help you learn anything about reality.

 

[cogito]

I do have argument and I presented it already (and several others picked up on it too): we can't possibly know what you are saying we know.

edit: cogito, the reason I object so strongly to this is I was in the military, and it annoys me greatly when people judge the actions of soldiers based on impossible criterea: the fact that we can't know what you are saying we know is why the dilema exists. You utterly miss the point of your own thought experiment.

Also, you miss the point of thought experiments in general: as my SR example shows, a thought experiment that has no basis in reality can't help you learn anything about reality.

Of course it is possible to know that an enemy soldier is conscripted and will be discharged tomorrow. If, for instance, one of his comrades had been captured, and had on his person documentation to that effect, or if the enemy soldier had been overheard making remarks to that effect to one of his fellows, etc., etc.. Of course, these aren't likely, but they sure are possible.

Now, as far as I can tell, nobody here is judging soldiers generally, although they may be commenting on the justifiability of certain practices common to militaries (conscription, the killing of enemy soldiers that post no risk, etc.). So, although I understand your being quick to jump to the defense of people who are often maligned in public discourse, I think you are being a bit too quick in this circumstance.

Further, it is simply false that a thought experiment that has no basis in reality can't provide insights into reality. Posing far-fetched ethical dilemmas, so-called "trolley-car examples", often helps in theoretical ethics to get clear on the presuppositions of our moral judgments. If you think it is better in a forced choice scenario for a very elderly man to die than a young man, then you probably have certain beliefs according to which a life's future prospects are evaluatively relevant. If you think it is better in a forced choice scenario to save the Nobel-Prize winning cancer researcher than the homeless drifter, then you probably have some sort of committment to utilitarianism. Thought experiments are essential at allowing us to get clear on the presuppositions of our moral judgements, and they also can provide insight into how we ought to reason (especially if they expose in us contradictory presuppositions).

 

[False Prophet]

Let's say that the enemy soldier has a bright flourescent orange patch that reads "CONSCRIPT. RETIRING TOMMORROW" and you see it. Of course in the real world this wouldn't be the case, but in this thought experiment let's say it is.

Now I respect your military service, Russ, I don't judge any soldiers who may or may not kill because I don't know their situation, nor can I identify. Also like cogito suggested, it is possible other ways too, documents, overheard speech etc.

This is similar to "the red button" thread. Of course the button doesn't exist, it's not even feasible to believe it will exist (except in God's hands) but I learned so much about other PF users and their values and I believe some people may have learned about my values as a result of the truly intriguing discussion we had there.

Sometimes I pose a hypothetical question, and I get mad when people don't address it because it's not the case. I might ask "if you were in my shoes would you tell her or let it go?" and they interrupt and retort "but I'm not in your shoes! That's physically impossible! We're separate people, etc." It makes me mad because it defeats the purpose of the hypothetical question. Whether it's possible or realistic is not the point, I just wanted advice.

 

[Preator Fenix]

a. I am a soldier. My priority is to follow orders. If my orders are to kill women and childern in a school then I am by definition to follow said orders and execute efficantly the deaths of any identified target. If I in civic disagreeance with this I cannot function as a soilder in any circumstance. In such a case I would be in jail, not on the battlefield laying a grave holding a gun with beads of sweat as a soldier facing this philosophical delima.

b.I am a solidier. I have not being given direct orders to actively and independatly engage enemy targerts. If no obvious threat is being posed by single target, then passing of the information of contact and maintaing concealment are my prorites. Weather or not there are reenforments is not information I would as a individual solider be prevy to the possiblity of verifing. Therefore unless in the abscense of spefiic threat, or general guidelines for engagement, stealh is job number #1. Therefore direct engagement "shooting him" should be avoided if at all possible.

 

[cogito]

a. I am a soldier. My priority is to follow orders. If my orders are to kill women and childern in a school then I am by definition to follow said orders and execute efficantly the deaths of any identified target. If I in civic disagreeance with this I cannot function as a soilder in any circumstance. In such a case I would be in jail, not on the battlefield laying a grave holding a gun with beads of sweat as a soldier facing this philosophical delima.

b.I am a solidier. I have not being given direct orders to actively and independatly engage enemy targerts. If no obvious threat is being posed by single target, then passing of the information of contact and maintaing concealment are my prorites. Weather or not there are reenforments is not information I would as a individual solider be prevy to the possiblity of verifing. Therefore unless in the abscense of spefiic threat, or general guidelines for engagement, stealh is job number #1. Therefore direct engagement "shooting him" should be avoided if at all possible.

Thanks for sharing. What does this have to do with the thought experiment?

 

[Preator Fenix]

a. and b. are my only options.

Therefore, weather or not I pull the trigger depends on weather I am a or b.

 

[Tom McCurdy]

Russ, to make this a little more realistic, let's suppose that you received a direct order to kill any soldiers in the operational area. Now considering that this enemy soldier does not pose a threat to you or your allies, would it still be acceptable to shoot him? Does this justify killing another for your nation?

How were you able to gather all of this info before you had the cvhoice to shoot or not

 

[Brad Barron]

That's a simple question with a simple answer. I wouldn't kill the opposing soldier even if it was my "duty" to do so being a soldier of the opposite militia. It's immoral, and there's no logical reason to kill a man if they don't plan on killing you or causing trouble.

-Brad Barron

 

[abitofnothingleft]

i agree with mr. barron here. also, i don't think i'd ever kill someone if it weren't self defence. i disagree with war altogether (yes I am a hippy haha ) i think its a barbaric way of handeling things.

 

[BrianJ.]

"He who joyfully marches to music in rank and file has already earned my contempt. He has been given a large brain by mistake, since for him the spinal cord would fully suffice. This disgrace to civilization should be done away with at once. Heroism at command, senseless brutality, deplorable patriotism, how violently I hate all this, how despicable and ignoble war is; I would rather be torn to shreds than be part of so base an action! It is my conviction that killing under the cloak of war is nothing but an act of murder."

quote - A.Einstein (the guy with the pic at the top of this page)

I tend to agree.

 

[russ_watters]

The anticipation of this last handful of posts is the reason I objected so strongly to the posed scenario. An artificial and impossible scenario leads to wrong conclusions about the way real life works:

-Real life soldiers will never see the scenario as it was described
-Real life soldiers (in the West, anyway) are not robots.
-In real life, war exists and choosing not to deal with it doesn't make it go away.

Predator Fenix's characterization of the problem is relatively good. What people must understand (but clearly, choose not to) is that (western) soldiers do not fall into category "a." The reason for this is it is easier to assume that soldiers are robots than to deal with the real-life dilemas that soldiers must face.

 

[puf_the_majic_dragon]

Murder by definition is pre-meditated killing of another human being.

personally i couldn't answer the scenario without a lot more information. if i had been ordered to shot any enemy on sight, then not shooting would be disobeying a direct order, grounds for court martial if the stakes were high enough. if i knew so much about him, such as he was a conscript and going home the next day and such, i expect that we then had an insider, and that would create a whole mess of things.. what if that soldier was the insider? what if killing him would put our insider in danger? what if letting him live would endanger the insider? what if he's part of an ambush? the questions go on... but not knowing answers to everything, as a real soldier wouldn't, i'd lean towards not shooting.

 

[HallsofIvy]

No, that's not the definition of "murder". The definition is the ILLEGAL, premeditated killing of a human being.

 

[cogito]

No, that's not the definition of "murder". The definition is the ILLEGAL, premeditated killing of a human being.

On that definition, active euthanasia qualifies as murder, even when done at the behest of the person euthanized.