Velocity is the rate of change of an object's position with respect to time, while acceleration is the rate of change of an object's velocity with respect to time. In simpler terms, velocity is how fast an object is traveling and in what direction, while acceleration is how much an object's velocity is changing over time.
Velocity can be calculated by dividing the change in an object's position by the change in time. Acceleration can be calculated by dividing the change in an object's velocity by the change in time. Both velocity and acceleration have units of distance/time^2.
Average velocity and acceleration are calculated over a given period of time, while instantaneous velocity and acceleration are calculated at a specific moment in time. Average velocity is the total displacement divided by the total time, and average acceleration is the total change in velocity divided by the total time. Instantaneous velocity and acceleration are calculated using derivatives and are more accurate at a specific moment in time.
Velocity and acceleration are closely related as acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. This means that if an object's velocity is changing, it is accelerating. If an object's velocity is constant, there is no acceleration.
Positive velocity and acceleration indicate that an object is moving in the positive direction, while negative velocity and acceleration indicate that an object is moving in the negative direction. This is determined by the chosen coordinate system. For example, if an object is moving to the right, it has a positive velocity, while if it is moving to the left, it has a negative velocity.