Derivative of unit step function

In summary, the statement shows the relationship between the delta function and the Heaviside step function. The delta function can be expressed as the derivative of the Heaviside step function, and the integral of the delta function from -∞ to x is 1 if x>x' and 0 if x<x'. To prove this, one can show that the delta function is equal to the difference of the Heaviside step function evaluated at two different points.
  • #1
shinobi20
267
19

Homework Statement


Show that δ(x-x') = d/dx Θ(x-x')

Homework Equations


∫ f(x') δ(x-x') dx' = f(x)
Θ(x-x') vanishes if x-x' is negative and 1 if x-x' is positive

The Attempt at a Solution


I saw a relation of the δ function but I don't know why is it like that.

Integral of δ(x-x') from -∞ to x is 1 if x>x' and 0 if x<x'

I'm not sure how to start. Any suggestions?
 
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  • #2
The statement is really only true for ##x\neq x'##. Try to prove it first for ##x<x'## and then for ##x>x'##.

Neither side has a value at ##x=x'##. But what you can prove that can substitute for that (if one sets up the required structure based on treating them as distributions rather than functions) is that, for ##a<x'<b:\ \int_a^b\delta(x-x')dx=\Theta(b)-\Theta(a)##.

If you can prove those three things, I think that's as close as one can get without getting deep into distribution theory.
 

Related to Derivative of unit step function

1. What is a unit step function?

A unit step function, also known as a Heaviside step function, is a mathematical function that has a value of 0 for all negative inputs and a value of 1 for all positive inputs.

2. What is the derivative of a unit step function?

The derivative of a unit step function is 0 for all values except for 0, where it is undefined. This is because the unit step function has a discontinuity at 0, meaning it is not continuous and therefore does not have a defined derivative at that point.

3. Why is the derivative of a unit step function undefined at 0?

The derivative of a function is defined as the rate of change of that function. Since the unit step function has a jump discontinuity at 0, the rate of change at that point is undefined.

4. What is the Laplace transform of a unit step function?

The Laplace transform of a unit step function is 1/s, where s is a complex variable. This can be derived using the definition of the Laplace transform and the properties of the unit step function.

5. How is the unit step function used in real-world applications?

The unit step function is commonly used in mathematics and engineering to model sudden changes or events, such as turning on a switch. It is also used in signal processing to represent a signal that turns on at a specific time. Additionally, the unit step function is used in control systems to model the behavior of systems that respond instantaneously to changes in input.

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