A charged capacitor is an electronic component that stores electrical energy in the form of an electric charge. It is composed of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material, known as a dielectric.
When a voltage is applied to a capacitor, electrons from the negative terminal of the power source flow onto one of the plates, while electrons from the other plate flow onto the positive terminal. This creates an imbalance of charge, which is stored in the capacitor.
The amount of charge stored in a capacitor is directly proportional to the voltage applied to it. This means that the higher the voltage, the more charge can be stored in the capacitor.
The energy stored in a capacitor is a function of both the voltage and the amount of charge stored. The formula for energy stored in a capacitor is E = 1/2 * C * V^2, where C is the capacitance (in Farads) and V is the voltage (in Volts).
The energy stored in a capacitor can be used in a variety of electronic circuits, such as in flash cameras, lasers, and power supplies. It can also be used to filter out unwanted frequencies in electronic signals.