Centrifugal Impeller and blade shapes

In summary, centrifugal impellers have different outlet blade angles depending on the type of blade used. Backward curved blades have an angle less than 90 degrees, radial blades have an angle of 90 degrees, and forward curved blades have an angle greater than 90 degrees. The inlet blade angle also affects the outlet angle, with a curved shape being necessary for a smooth flow direction. Additionally, the inlet velocity triangle remains the same for radial and forward vanes despite the added momentum from the impeller, as it is located ahead of the impeller and is not affected by the added momentum.
  • #1
Yam
32
1
According to my lecture notes, for centrifugal impellers

Backward curved blades have a outlet blade angle of less than 90,
radial blades have curved blades have a outlet blade angle of 90,
Forward curved blades have a outlet blade angle of more than 90.

As such i have 2 questions

1) does the inlet blade angle have any relationship with outlet blade angles?
Example, for a radial blade, inlet blade angle = outletblade angle = 90 degrees?

2) What does it mean that the inlet velocity triangle remains the same for radial and forward vanes?
How can they be the same when there is a centrifugal impeller adding angular momentum into the fluid?
 
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  • #2
1. The blade must curve without sharp changes in flow direction. That relates the inlet to outlet angle.
2. The inlet velocity triangle is ahead of the impeller so is unaffected by momentum to be added later.
 

Related to Centrifugal Impeller and blade shapes

1. What is a centrifugal impeller?

A centrifugal impeller is a component of a centrifugal pump that is responsible for creating a high-velocity fluid flow by rotating the fluid with the help of curved blades attached to a central hub.

2. How do centrifugal impellers work?

Centrifugal impellers work by using centrifugal force to increase the velocity of a fluid. The fluid enters the impeller through the center, then is accelerated by the curved blades and pushed outwards towards the outer edge of the impeller.

3. What are the different blade shapes used in centrifugal impellers?

The most commonly used blade shapes in centrifugal impellers are backward-curved, forward-curved, and radial blades. Backward-curved blades are ideal for high-pressure applications, forward-curved blades are better for low-pressure and high-flow applications, and radial blades are used for a balance between pressure and flow.

4. How do blade shapes affect the performance of a centrifugal impeller?

The blade shape of a centrifugal impeller greatly affects its performance. The angle, curvature, and number of blades can impact the efficiency, pressure, and flow rate of the pump. Different blade shapes are chosen based on the specific requirements of the application.

5. Can the blade shape of a centrifugal impeller be changed?

Yes, the blade shape of a centrifugal impeller can be changed to optimize its performance for a specific application. However, this process requires careful design and testing to ensure that the new blade shape will not negatively affect the pump's performance. It is recommended to consult with a knowledgeable engineer before making any changes to a centrifugal impeller's blade shape.

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