Calculating Peak Current in a Microfarad Capacitor Circuit

In summary, the peak current through the capacitor is 1.8*10^-3 A when a .30 microfarad capacitor is connected across an AC generator with a peak voltage of 10.0 V and an emf frequency of 100 Hz. The correct equation to use is VC/XC, where XC = 1/(2*pi*f*C).
  • #1
Sarah88
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0

Homework Statement


A .30 microfarad capacitor is connected across an AC generator that produces a peak voltage of 10.0 V. What is the peak current through the capacitor if the emf frequency is 100 Hz?


Homework Equations


Ic (peak current)= Vc/Xc, Xc= 1/(2*pi*f*C)


The Attempt at a Solution



I solved the equation as: 10V/(2*pi*100 Hz*.30*10^-6 F)= 53051 A, however the book answer is completely different (1.8*10^-3 A), so any hints toward a better equation to use (or better method) would be great. Thank you!
 
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  • #2
Look at XC again!

VC/XC = VC/(1/(2·π·f·C))

What you computed was VC·XC
 
  • #3
Ohh, that makes a lot more sense! Thank you! :)
 

Related to Calculating Peak Current in a Microfarad Capacitor Circuit

What is a microfarad capacitor?

A microfarad capacitor is a type of electronic component that is used to store electrical charge. It is measured in units of microfarads (symbol: μF) and is typically used in electronic circuits to filter out noise, stabilize voltage, and control the flow of electricity.

How does a microfarad capacitor work?

A microfarad capacitor works by storing electrical charge between two conductive plates separated by an insulating material, known as a dielectric. When a voltage is applied across the plates, one plate becomes positively charged and the other becomes negatively charged, creating an electric field between them. The amount of charge that can be stored is determined by the capacitance of the capacitor, measured in microfarads.

What are some common uses of microfarad capacitors?

Microfarad capacitors have a wide range of uses in electronic circuits. They are commonly used to filter out noise in power supplies, smooth out voltage fluctuations, and store energy in electronic devices such as cameras and flashlights. They are also used in audio equipment to improve sound quality and in motor circuits to provide starting and running torque.

How do you calculate the capacitance of a microfarad capacitor?

The capacitance of a microfarad capacitor can be calculated using the formula C = Q/V, where C is the capacitance in microfarads, Q is the charge stored on the plates in coulombs, and V is the voltage across the plates in volts. The capacitance can also be determined by the physical dimensions of the capacitor, such as the area of the plates and the distance between them, as well as the type of dielectric material used.

What are the limitations of microfarad capacitors?

One limitation of microfarad capacitors is their ability to store charge for a limited amount of time. They are also limited in their ability to withstand high voltages and currents, which can cause them to fail. Additionally, their capacitance can be affected by temperature changes and aging, which can impact their performance over time. It is important to select the right type and size of capacitor for a specific circuit to avoid these limitations.

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