The Era of Stagnation (Russian: Период застоя, Period zastoya, or Эпо́ха засто́я, Epoha zastoya), meaning Stagnation Period, is a term coined by Mikhail Gorbachev in order to describe the negative way in which he viewed the economic, political, and social policies of the Soviet Union that began during the rule of Leonid Brezhnev (1964–1982) and continued under Yuri Andropov (1982–1984) and Konstantin Chernenko (1984–1985). It can sometimes be called the Brezhnevian Stagnation in English.