I am currently reading around about squeezed light. I understand as far as the Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) and Optical Parametric Amplifier (OPA) work, however I do not understand why the signal and idler photons that are produced by the OPA are a squeezed state.
All diagrams that I have...
I am having some difficulty understanding the Pound-Drever-Hall frequency stabilisation technique, when locking a laser to a stable cavity.
As far as I understand:
We emit the laser frequency, f0.
This signal is modulated with sideband frequencies, ± fm.
This is fired towards the Fabry-Perot...
Question:
Estimate the rate of continuous creation required to keep the density of the universe constant at 10-26kg/m3. Express your answer in protons/year/km3.
Attempt:
Assuming a spherical matter-dominated Friedmann universe, we know from solving the fluid equation that ρ ∝ 1/a3 (where ρ is...
I have been trying for hours to understand what is physically causing the interferometric rings to contract when the separation of the mirrors is reduced.
From the equation: m\lambda = 2Lcos\theta, where m is the number of fringes, if we consider just one fringe at a fixed wavelength...
I also found that the MAC is easier to understand as the probability of a photoelectric absorption interaction per unit distance traveled into the material, for anyone else who is wondering!
I am currently trying to understand the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) with regards to photoelectric absorption. Consider this graph:
Why does this have a negative gradient? Why does the MAC decrease as the photon energy increases?
From what I understand, the MAC is the rate of energy...
The part I understand:
I understand that the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the Higgs produces the 'Mexican hat' potential, with two non-zero stable equilibria.
I understand that as the Higgs is a complex field, there exists a phase component of the field. Under gauge transformations of...
I have actually solved this myself, but thought I would add the answer for anyone else that I wondering how to do it.
Consider the ##\phi'(t')## part first.
##\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\phi'(t')##
We need to have the denominator of the differentiation fraction to be the same function as the...
We have a function: ##\phi'(t',x')##.
We want to find: ##\frac{\partial\phi'}{\partial x}##.
I know that the answer is: ##\frac{\partial\phi'}{\partial x} = (\frac{\partial\phi'}{\partial t'} \cdot \frac{\partial t'}{\partial x}) + (\frac{\partial\phi'}{\partial x'} \cdot \frac{\partial...