Work on a whirling mass (Kleppner 2nd ed 5-5)

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In summary, for a mass m whirling on a frictionless table in circular motion, the quantity L = mr^2(d(theta)/dt) represents the angular momentum. The work done in pulling the string equals the increase in kinetic energy of the mass, as shown by the equation F=ma. Using the acceleration in polar coordinates, the tension can be found as a function of radius. This assumes a steady pulling of the string with no additional radial acceleration.
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TimSon
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Homework Statement



Mass m whirls on a frictionless table, held to circular motion by a string which passes through a hole in the table. The string is pulled so that the radius of the circle changes from ri and rf.

a) show that the quantity L = mr^2(d(theta)/dt)
b) Show that the work in pulling the string equals the increase in kinetic energy of the mass

Homework Equations



F= ma where a is the acceleration in the radial direction
mg(ri - rh) = .5 * m * Vif^2 + .5*m*Vrf^2

The Attempt at a Solution



I first tried F = ma using the acceleration in terms of polar coordinates.

:x= second derivative of x
.x = second derivative of x
O = theta

-F = m(:r - r(.O)^2)
-F = m(r*.w - r(w)^2)

at this point i don't really know how to get from here since
 
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  • #2
Start with part a). Show that the angular momentum is as per that formula.
When you have done that, you can find the linear speed at radius r, and from that find the tension as a function of radius.
(Take the pulling of the string to be very steady, so there is no radial acceleration beyond centripetal.)
 

Related to Work on a whirling mass (Kleppner 2nd ed 5-5)

1. What is work on a whirling mass?

Work on a whirling mass is the amount of energy required to change the rotational motion of an object, which is known as its moment of inertia. This concept is often used in physics and engineering to analyze the behavior of rotating objects.

2. What factors affect the work on a whirling mass?

The work on a whirling mass is affected by several factors, including the angular velocity of the object, its moment of inertia, and the external torque applied to it. These factors determine the amount of energy needed to change the rotational motion of the object.

3. How is work on a whirling mass calculated?

To calculate the work on a whirling mass, the equation W = 1/2 Iω^2 is used, where W is the work, I is the moment of inertia, and ω is the angular velocity. This equation shows that the work is directly proportional to the square of the angular velocity and the moment of inertia.

4. What are some real-world applications of work on a whirling mass?

Work on a whirling mass has many practical applications, such as in the design of sports equipment like golf clubs or tennis rackets, where the moment of inertia and angular velocity play a crucial role in determining the performance of the equipment. It is also used in the analysis of rotating machinery, such as turbines and motors.

5. How does work on a whirling mass relate to conservation of energy?

According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. In the case of work on a whirling mass, the energy used to change the rotational motion of an object is converted from potential energy to kinetic energy and vice versa. Therefore, the total amount of energy remains constant, demonstrating the principle of conservation of energy.

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