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Raghav Gupta
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why orbitals like s, px, py, pz etc can hold maximum of 2 electrons?
Why not some other number?
Why not some other number?
Raghav Gupta said:why orbitals like s, px, py, pz etc can hold maximum of 2 electrons?
Why not some other number?
The link is assuming that we are aware that the orbital can hold maximum of two electrons and then assigning 1/2 and -1/2 spins to two electrons.Quantum Defect said:Look up Pauli exclusion principle. http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Inorganic_Chemistry/Electronic_Configurations/Pauli_Exclusion_Principle
Why in Pauli exclusion principle the electrons have 1/2 and -1/2 spin accounting for 2 electrons?mfb said:Electrons have spin 1/2, so they just have two different states (called "up" and "down"). The Pauli exclusion principle does not allow multiple electrons in the same state.
Raghav Gupta said:For example if we have 1/4 spin, then we can have 4 electrons in an orbital, with 2 electrons having 1/4 spin and other 2 -1/4 spin.
Raghav Gupta said:Not read that book. I think it is taught in university. Is that true? Well I was reading a high school level stuff.
Okay and thanks, but why are you thanking Bill. I nowhere find Bill in the discussion.bhobba said:That being the case you just have to take our word for it.
Thanks
Bill
Raghav Gupta said:Okay and thanks, but why are you thanking Bill. I nowhere find Bill in the discussion.
Raghav Gupta said:Okay and thanks, but why are you thanking Bill. I nowhere find Bill in the discussion.
To extend that: particles with spin 1 can have +1, 0 and -1, particles with spin 3/2 can have +3/2, +1/2, -1/2, -3/2 and so on. Particles with spin 0 have no choice.bhobba said:Spin 1/4 is impossible - its a basic property of spin as just about any book on QM will derive eg see page 144 of Dirac - Principles Of QM which is the book the came to hand. It can only be values +-n/2 where n is an integer. It turns out for electrons, as explained by Quantum Field Theory, they have only values +-1/2.
Thanks. Not read about this earlier. Will see to it some time later.mfb said:To extend that: particles with spin 1 can have +1, 0 and -1, particles with spin 3/2 can have +3/2, +1/2, -1/2, -3/2 and so on. Particles with spin 0 have no choice.
The exclusion principle applies to fermions only, those are particles with non-integer spin values (1/2, 3/2, ...).
And I always thought that it is an indian name! :-)bhobba said:I am Bill - that's what the b in bhobba is.
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According to the Pauli exclusion principle, no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers. This means that for every orbital, there can only be a maximum of 2 electrons with opposite spins.
The stability of an orbital is determined by the number of electrons it contains. If an orbital has more than 2 electrons, they will repel each other due to their negative charges, making the orbital less stable. Therefore, the maximum of 2 electrons in an orbital allows for the most stable arrangement.
The principle of electron spin states that electrons must have opposite spins in the same orbital. This is because electrons are fermions, which follow the Pauli exclusion principle and must have different quantum numbers.
No, due to the Pauli exclusion principle, a maximum of 2 electrons can occupy the same orbital. This is because electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins, and with more than 2 electrons, this would not be possible.
The number of orbitals in an atom is determined by the number of energy levels, which is equal to the period number on the periodic table. Each orbital can contain a maximum of 2 electrons, so the total number of electrons in an atom is equal to the number of orbitals multiplied by 2.