Particles flow from high chemical potential to low because of the principle of thermodynamics known as the second law of thermodynamics. This law states that in a closed system, particles will naturally move from areas of high energy to areas of low energy, until equilibrium is reached.
Chemical potential is a measure of the potential energy that a particle has in a particular environment. When there is a difference in chemical potential between two areas, particles will flow from the higher potential to the lower potential in order to reach equilibrium.
Temperature plays a significant role in particle flow from high to low chemical potential. Higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy of particles, making them more likely to overcome barriers and flow from higher to lower chemical potential.
No, particle flow from high to low chemical potential is not a reversible process. This is due to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that natural processes tend to move towards equilibrium and cannot be reversed without an external input of energy.
Pressure can also impact the direction of particle flow from high to low chemical potential. Higher pressures can restrict the movement of particles, making it more difficult for them to flow from areas of high potential to areas of low potential.