Why is Sin the convention for the harmonic oscillator?

In summary, when solving the simple harmonic oscillator, one can choose to use either the solution x(t) = B1Sin(wt+phi1) or x(t) = B2Cos(wt+phi2), both of which are correct. The choice is usually based on personal preference, as there is no convention or particular reason for using one over the other. Additionally, the initial phase can be adjusted to use either function.
  • #1
flatmaster
501
2
In the course of solving the simple harmonic oscillator, one reaches a fork in the road.

x(t) = A1Sin(wt) + A2Cos(wt)

At this point, you exploit a trig identity and arrive at one of two solutions

x(t) = B1Sin(wt+phi1)
or
x(t) = B2Cos(wt+phi2)

Both of these are correct solutions and either one can be used to suit the particular problem. However, convention usually has us using Sin instead of Cos. Is there any particular reason for this? Is it to exploit the small angle / taylor series approximation?

Sin(x) ≈ x - (x^3)/6
Cos(x) ≈ 1 - (x^2)/2
 
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  • #2
There is no convention about using sin rather than cosine.
The initial phase can be adjusted to use whichever of the two functions you like.
 
  • #3
I thought the convention was to use cos since the cos terms are the real ones in the Fourier transform.

I guess that just goes to show that the convention isn't very strong at all.
 

Related to Why is Sin the convention for the harmonic oscillator?

1. Why is Sin the convention for the harmonic oscillator?

The use of Sin as the convention for the harmonic oscillator is based on the mathematical description of simple harmonic motion. The equation for simple harmonic motion involves a sinusoidal function, which is commonly represented by Sin. Therefore, Sin is used as the convention for the harmonic oscillator for consistency and convenience.

2. What is the significance of using Sin in the harmonic oscillator?

The significance of using Sin in the harmonic oscillator lies in its ability to accurately describe the oscillatory motion of a system. Sin is a periodic function that repeats itself at regular intervals, making it the ideal choice for representing the oscillating behavior of a harmonic oscillator.

3. Can other trigonometric functions be used as the convention for the harmonic oscillator?

Yes, other trigonometric functions such as Cosine or Tangent can also be used as the convention for the harmonic oscillator. However, Sin is the most commonly used convention due to its simplicity and its ability to accurately describe the motion of a harmonic oscillator.

4. How does the use of Sin as the convention affect the calculations for the harmonic oscillator?

The use of Sin as the convention does not significantly affect the calculations for the harmonic oscillator. In fact, using Sin as the convention simplifies the equations and makes them easier to solve. However, if another trigonometric function is used as the convention, the equations and calculations may become more complex.

5. Is the use of Sin as the convention for the harmonic oscillator just a convention or is there a deeper reason behind it?

The use of Sin as the convention for the harmonic oscillator is both a convention and a mathematical necessity. As mentioned earlier, the equation for simple harmonic motion involves a sinusoidal function, making Sin the most suitable choice for describing the oscillatory motion of a harmonic oscillator. Therefore, the use of Sin as the convention is not just a convention, but a logical choice based on mathematical principles.

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