Why is copper diamagnetic without a prefix?

In summary, the teacher explains that an odd number of electrons in a material typically results in paramagnetic behavior. However, copper has an odd number of electrons yet is classified as a diamagnetic material. This can be attributed to the fact that the 4s electron in copper is paired with a 3d electron, resulting in a greater diamagnetic effect.
  • #1
schrodingerscat11
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Homework Statement


Our teacher said that if a material has an odd number of electrons, it implies a paramagnetic behavior. Copper, according to him, has odd number of electrons but is considered a diamagnetic material. He asks us to explain this phenomenon.


Homework Equations


Copper has 29 electrons. And its electron configuration is 1s22s22p63s23p64s13d10


The Attempt at a Solution


According to what they (internet) say, the d subshell borrowed an electron from the s subshell on n=3 (see electron configuration). This accounts for the diamagnetism. But isn't it that the electron on the s subshell is unpaired, and should cause the Cu to paramagnetic? Or is it the outermost subshell that is only considered? :( Thanks a lot.
 
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  • #2
This is the received wisdom for bulk metallic copper, namely that the paramagnetic contribution from the unpaired 4s electron is smaller than the diamagnetic contribution from the closed 3d subshell. So both effects exist, but the diamagnetism is stronger.
 
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Related to Why is copper diamagnetic without a prefix?

1. Why is copper diamagnetic?

Copper is diamagnetic because it has a completely filled outer electron shell, which makes it resistant to external magnetic fields.

2. How does the electron configuration of copper contribute to its diamagnetic properties?

The electron configuration of copper includes a filled 3d subshell, which means that all the electrons are paired and there are no unpaired electrons to contribute to its magnetic properties.

3. Is copper always diamagnetic?

Yes, copper is always diamagnetic because of its stable electron configuration.

4. Can copper be made to exhibit paramagnetic properties?

Yes, copper can be made to exhibit paramagnetic properties by introducing impurities or defects in its crystal structure, which can lead to unpaired electrons and a temporary induced magnetic field.

5. How does the diamagnetic nature of copper affect its use in technology?

The diamagnetic properties of copper make it useful in technology as a shield against external magnetic fields. It is also used in electrical wiring and components due to its low resistance to electric current.

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