Why do the glass doors at grocery stores become foggy when...

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In summary, the reason why glass doors at grocery stores become foggy when opened but are clear when closed is due to the difference in temperature between the inside of the door and the store. When the door is opened, warm humid air from the store contacts the cold surface of the door, causing water vapor from the air to condense. This condensation disappears when the door is closed and the dry air inside the freezer evaporates it. This process is explained by the dew point, which is the temperature at which water vapor from the air will condense on a surface.
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mk9898
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Why do the glass doors at grocery stores become foggy when opened but are clear when closed?

My idea is that it has to do with the vapor and saturated pressure but I am at a loss to really nail down the physics behind it.

Any insight is appreciated.
 
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You are talking about doors to freezer units I presume. Yes, it has to do with saturated pressure. The % humidity in the store is much higher than the temperature in the freezer can sustain without condensation. When you open the freezer door, the water vapor in the store condenses on the inside of the door that is practically at freezer temperature. When you close the door, eventually the condensation disappears because the air in the freezer is continuously circulated and passed over a coolth exchanger (opposite of a heat exchanger) that condenses the water vapor in the freezer. The condensate is then either drained away or is passed through a heat exchanger that evaporates it and sends it back into the room or vents it to the outside. I am not sure about the details. In a household refrigerator, the condensate is evaporated and vented back into the kitchen (where else?)
 
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Thanks for the write up. I would like to break down the physics a bit more in detail if that's okay. So there is more water vapor in the store than there is in the "freezer". When we open the door conduction occurs from the warmer outside to the colder inside and hence they begin to try to form a temperature equilibrium (attempting to achieve saturated pressure). While the door is open warmer air comes in and makes the inside of the door warmer and hence condenses. Do I have that right?
 
  • #4
Air has water vapor in it. The amount of water vapor can be expressed as absolute humidity, relative humidity, or dew point. The dew point is the highest temperature of a surface where water vapor from the air will condense on the surface.

The inside of a freezer door is cold. When you open the door, the warm humid air from the room contacts the inside of the door. When the door temperature is below the dew point of the room air, water vapor from the room air condenses on the cold surface. When you close the door, the dry air inside evaporates the condensation.

The physics is shown on a psychrometric chart.
 
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  • #5
It's the dew point: the temperature of the inner surface is lower than the dew point in the store.
 
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Ah got it. It's the dew point. Thanks!
 

Related to Why do the glass doors at grocery stores become foggy when...

1. Why do the glass doors at grocery stores become foggy when it's cold outside?

The glass doors at grocery stores become foggy when it's cold outside because of the difference in temperature between the inside and outside of the store. When warm, humid air from inside the store comes into contact with the cold glass, the water vapor in the air condenses into tiny water droplets, creating fog on the surface of the glass.

2. What causes the fog on glass doors to disappear?

The fog on glass doors disappears when the temperature inside and outside of the store equalizes. As the air inside the store warms up, it can hold more moisture and the water droplets on the glass doors evaporate, making the fog disappear.

3. Why do some glass doors become foggy while others do not?

The glass doors that become foggy are usually single-paned, meaning there is only one layer of glass. These doors are more prone to fogging because there is less insulation between the warm air inside and the cold air outside. Double-paned doors, on the other hand, have a layer of air or gas between the two layers of glass, providing better insulation and preventing fog from forming.

4. Can the fog on glass doors be prevented?

Yes, the fog on glass doors can be prevented by using anti-fog treatments or coatings on the glass. These treatments work by creating a hydrophilic surface that attracts water droplets and spreads them out, preventing them from forming fog. Additionally, keeping the temperature and humidity levels inside the store consistent can also help reduce fog on the glass doors.

5. Does the type of glass used affect fog formation on glass doors?

Yes, the type of glass used can affect fog formation on glass doors. As mentioned before, single-paned glass doors are more prone to fogging due to their lack of insulation. However, even within single-paned glass, different types of glass can have varying levels of insulation, which can affect the amount of fog that forms. For example, low-emissivity (low-e) glass has a special coating that reduces heat transfer, making it less likely to form fog.

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