Velocities of earth's atmosphere, exosphere etc

[luckis11]

Earth's atmosphere at sea level has the same velocity as Earth's solid surface: 465metres/sec. What about at higher heights? E.g. what's the velocity of the (particles of) exosphere?

 

[D H]

I have to get ready for a meeting, so this will be a bit brief. I'll give you some search terms. Try these, and come back with some more specific questions.

• Diurnal bulge
• Atmospheric tides
• Neutral wind velocity
• Upper atmosphere wind velocity
• Upper atmosphere density variations
• Effect of solar activity on the upper atmosphere

 

[luckis11]

The question was full lucid and specific: The motion Δx of the speed 465meteres/sec of the air is that which is drawn on the reference frame which does not move together with the self-rotating motion of the earth. Thus I asked the velocities the Δx of which are drawn on that reference frame.

 

[Chronos]

Earth's upper atmosphere is extremely turbulent, partly because it is less dense and partly because the sun has a night and day effect. The cooler night air tries to descend against the rising air currents on the dayside - and clouds stir the mix. It is quite chaotic and having meteoroligists trying to explain the effects on local weather day by day further compounds matters.

 

[sardar]

At higher heights, such as in the exosphere, the velocities of particles in Earth's atmosphere vary greatly. The exosphere is the outermost layer of the atmosphere, where the density of particles is extremely low and they can travel at much higher speeds due to the lack of collisions with other particles. In fact, the particles in the exosphere can reach velocities of up to 7 kilometers per second. This is due to the fact that the exosphere is constantly bombarded by solar radiation, which can impart energy to the particles and increase their speeds. However, it is important to note that the exosphere is not a distinct layer with a defined boundary, and the velocities of particles can vary greatly even within this region. Overall, the velocities of particles in the exosphere are much higher than at sea level, highlighting the dynamic nature of Earth's atmosphere and the important role that the exosphere plays in the overall behavior of our planet's atmosphere.