You're not correctly comprehending what this slide is saying.werson tan said:
SteamKing said:You're not correctly comprehending what this slide is saying.
First, it's discussing the friction factor f as it's plotted on the Moody diagram:
In the zone where the flow is completely turbulent, i.e. to the right of the dashed line, the friction factor is constant w.r.t. the Reynolds number. In this region, the friction factor f depends on the relative pipe roughness only.
Can you explain this phenomenon?SteamKing said:You're not correctly comprehending what this slide is saying.
First, it's discussing the friction factor f as it's plotted on the Moody diagram:
In the zone where the flow is completely turbulent, i.e. to the right of the dashed line, the friction factor is constant w.r.t. the Reynolds number. In this region, the friction factor f depends on the relative pipe roughness only.
You can read a more detailed explanation here:werson tan said:
this is the book that i use . can you expalin why during the complete turbulent , it is independent of reynold number ?SteamKing said:
Turbulence is caused by the irregular and chaotic movement of air particles in the atmosphere. This can be influenced by factors such as wind shear, thermal effects, and obstructions in the air flow.
While turbulence can be uncomfortable for passengers, it is not typically dangerous. Modern aircraft are designed to withstand turbulence and pilots are trained to safely navigate through it.
Turbulence can be measured using a variety of instruments, such as air data probes, accelerometers, and gyroscopes. Pilots also report turbulence levels to air traffic control, which can be used to create turbulence maps.
Yes, turbulence can be predicted to a certain extent. Meteorologists use weather models and data from previous flights to forecast areas of potential turbulence. However, turbulence can also be unpredictable and can occur in unexpected areas.
Turbulence can affect air travel by causing delays, discomfort for passengers, and potential damage to the aircraft. Pilots may need to alter their flight path or altitude to avoid areas of severe turbulence, which can result in longer flight times.
