Timelike and spacelike vectors

In summary, if x^{\mu} is timelike and x^{\mu}y_{\mu}=0, y^{\mu}\neq 0, then y^\mu is spacelike. This can be shown by choosing a reference frame in which x^\mu=(x^0,\vec{0}), leading to y^\mu=(0,\vec{y}) and y^\mu y_\mu=-(\vec y)^2<0, thus proving that y^\mu is spacelike.
  • #1
kontejnjer
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Homework Statement


Show that if [itex]x^{\mu}[/itex] is timelike and [itex]x^{\mu}y_{\mu}=0[/itex], [itex]y^{\mu}\neq 0[/itex], then [itex]y^\mu[/itex] is spacelike.

Homework Equations


[itex]ds^2=\\>0\hspace{0.5cm}\text{timelike}\\<0\hspace{0.5cm}\text{spacelike}\\0\hspace{0.5cm}\text{lightlike}[/itex]
metric is [itex]diag (+---)[/itex]

The Attempt at a Solution



Don't know if this is the correct way, but here goes: assuming that [itex]x^\mu[/itex] is timelike, we can pick a reference frame in which [itex]x^\mu=(x^0,\vec{0})[/itex], so due to invariance [itex]x^{\mu}y_{\mu}=x^0 y_0=0\rightarrow y^0=0[/itex], but, since it is stated that [itex]y^{\mu}\neq 0[/itex], then [itex]\vec{y}\neq 0[/itex], and hence we have [itex]y^\mu y_\mu=y^i y_i=-(\vec y)^2<0[/itex], making [itex]y^\mu[/itex] indeed spacelike. Am I missing something here or is this the right procedure?
 
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  • #2
Your procedure is fine.
 
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Related to Timelike and spacelike vectors

1. What is the difference between timelike and spacelike vectors?

Timelike vectors are those that have a positive or negative magnitude and correspond to the dimension of time. Spacelike vectors, on the other hand, have a magnitude of 0 and correspond to the dimensions of space. In other words, timelike vectors represent movement in time while spacelike vectors represent movement in space.

2. How do you determine if a vector is timelike or spacelike?

The magnitude of a vector is determined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares of its components. If the magnitude is greater than 0, the vector is timelike. If the magnitude is equal to 0, the vector is spacelike.

3. Can a vector be both timelike and spacelike?

No, a vector cannot be both timelike and spacelike. This is because the magnitude of a vector is either greater than 0 (timelike) or equal to 0 (spacelike).

4. How are timelike and spacelike vectors used in physics?

In physics, timelike and spacelike vectors are used to describe the motion of objects in space and time. They are particularly important in the theory of relativity, where they are used to represent the four dimensions of spacetime.

5. Are there any real-life applications of timelike and spacelike vectors?

Yes, there are many real-life applications of timelike and spacelike vectors. One example is in GPS technology, where both timelike and spacelike vectors are used to accurately determine the location of an object. Additionally, these vectors are used in the development of spacecraft and other advanced technologies that require precise calculations involving time and space.

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