Stern-Gerlach: Run Through X, Y & Z Axes?

In summary, when atoms are passed through a magnetic field aligned with the x axis, they are separated into two groups based on their spin, and this separation remains unchanged when the atoms are passed through the same field again. However, when the atoms are passed through a field aligned with the z axis, two new groups are formed. Furthermore, when the atoms are passed through a field aligned with the y axis, they are not split but rather accelerated, and when passed through the x axis field again, they still form two groups. This separation into two groups occurs regardless of the direction in which the magnetic field is directed in space.
  • #1
Hornbein
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The atoms go through a magnetic field aligned with the x axis. This separates the atoms into two groups, spin up and spin down. Run a group through such a field again and there is no change. Run a group through a field aligned with the z axis, you get two groups. Run one group through the x again and you get two groups.

What if this: The atoms go through a magnetic field aligned with the x axis. This separates the atoms into two groups, spin up and spin down. Run a group through a field aligned with the y axis, the third axis that is so far unused. Presumably this does not split the group, it simply accelerates it. Then run it through the x-axis field again. Does the group split into two?
 
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  • #2
Hornbein said:
Run a group through a field aligned with the y axis, the third axis that is so far unused. Presumably this does not split the group, it simply accelerates it.
Two groups will emerge out of this apparatus as it will for the case of magnetic field aligned in the other two axes and regardless in which direction in space the magnetic field is directed, it will always separate a 1/2-spin quantum object into two.
 

Related to Stern-Gerlach: Run Through X, Y & Z Axes?

1. What is the Stern-Gerlach experiment?

The Stern-Gerlach experiment is a physics experiment that involves passing a beam of particles through an inhomogeneous magnetic field, which causes the particles to split into two beams based on their spin orientation.

2. How does the Stern-Gerlach experiment work?

In the Stern-Gerlach experiment, a beam of particles is passed through a magnetic field that is not uniform in all directions. This causes the particles to experience a force that is dependent on their spin orientation, resulting in the particles being deflected in different directions and forming two distinct beams.

3. What is the significance of the Stern-Gerlach experiment?

The Stern-Gerlach experiment provided evidence for the quantization of angular momentum, which is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics. It also played a crucial role in the development of quantum theory and our understanding of atomic and subatomic particles.

4. What are the X, Y, and Z axes in the Stern-Gerlach experiment?

The X, Y, and Z axes in the Stern-Gerlach experiment refer to the three orthogonal directions in which the magnetic field is applied. The X-axis is usually horizontal, the Y-axis is vertical, and the Z-axis is parallel to the direction of the particle beam.

5. How is the Stern-Gerlach experiment used in modern research?

The Stern-Gerlach experiment is still used in modern research to study the properties of atoms, molecules, and other subatomic particles. It has also found applications in technologies such as electron microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

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