Harmonic components refer to the different frequencies that make up a complex waveform. These frequencies are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency.
To sketch the waveforms of the harmonic components, you will need to plot the amplitude of each harmonic frequency on a graph. The fundamental frequency should be plotted on the x-axis, and the amplitude of each harmonic should be plotted on the y-axis. The resulting waveform will have a repeating pattern that reflects the harmonic frequencies present.
The harmonic components are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency. This means that the frequency of each harmonic is a whole number multiple of the fundamental frequency. For example, if the fundamental frequency is 100 Hz, the second harmonic will be 200 Hz, the third harmonic will be 300 Hz, and so on.
Technically, yes. In theory, there is no limit to the number of harmonic components that can exist in a complex waveform. However, in practice, there are limitations due to factors such as the capabilities of the measuring equipment and the physical properties of the system producing the waveform.
The presence of harmonic components can significantly alter the shape of a waveform. If the harmonic frequencies are all in phase, they will reinforce each other and result in a larger amplitude. However, if the harmonic frequencies are out of phase, they can cancel each other out and result in a smaller amplitude or even a completely different waveform shape.