The relation between an electron and a magnet is that electrons have a property called spin, which creates a tiny magnetic field. When a large number of electrons are aligned in the same direction, their magnetic fields combine to create a larger magnetic field, which is what we perceive as a magnet.
When an electron is in motion, it creates a magnetic field around it. The direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of the electron's motion. This magnetic field is responsible for the attraction or repulsion between magnets.
The Earth's magnetic field is primarily generated by the movement of molten iron in its core. However, the motion of electrons in the Earth's ionosphere also contributes to the overall magnetic field. This is known as the dynamo effect.
The spin of an electron determines the direction of its magnetic field. An electron with a spin in one direction will have a different magnetic field than an electron with a spin in the opposite direction. This is why electrons with opposite spins can attract each other, while those with the same spin repel each other.
Yes, magnets can affect the movement of electrons. When a magnet is brought near a wire, it can induce a flow of electrons, creating an electric current. This is the principle behind generators and electric motors, where magnets are used to create motion by interacting with the movement of electrons.