Parameters of a non-standard second-order transfer function

In summary: Hello.The transfer function here is denoted as G(s) because it represents the ratio of the output over input when the input is the dirac pulse. A more common notation for the impulse response would be H(s) where G(s) is the unit step response.
  • #1
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For a standard second-order system, its transfer function is G(s) = ω2/(s2 + 2ζω + ω2) where ω is the natural frequency and ζ is the damping ratio.

But for a non-standard second-order transfer function, G(s) = (2s + 1)/(s2 + 2s + 5), what are its natural frequency and damping ratio? Thank you!
 
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  • #2
Hello.

$$ \textbf{Going back to the linear ODE from its transfer function} $$
The transfer function here:
$$ G(s) = \dfrac{2s + 1}{ s^{2} + 2s + 5} $$
Use the laplace transform properties of differentiation, and the definition of the transfer function itself to do the above step. The transfer function is the ratio of the output over input when the input is the dirac pulse.
This describes the linear ODE:
$$ 2 x'(t) + x(t) = y''(t) + 2y'(t) + 5y(t) \tag{System} $$
Solve for this ODES homogenous response, setting $$ x(t) = 0 $$
$$ y'' + 2y' + 5y(t) = 0 $$
Using the standard method for solving such ODES, the quadratic equation and the roots, yields a complex solution: $$ z_{1, 2} = -1 \pm 2j $$ Our homogenous solution would then be: $$ y_{h}(t) = e^{-t} \cdot \Big ( A_{1} \cos(2t) + B_{1} \sin(2t) \Big) \tag{Damped sinusoidal excitation} $$
This can be expressed in one sinusoid (using addition by complex numbers):
$$ y_{h}(t) = e^{-t} \cdot \Big ( {\sqrt{A_{1}^{2} + B_{1}^{2} } } \cdot \cos(2t - \phi_{1} )) \Big) \,\,\,\,A_{1}, B_{1} \in \mathbb{R} \tag{Damped sinusoidal excitation} $$
Where:
$$ \phi_{1} = \text{Arg}\Big[ A_{1} - j B_{1} \Big] $$
So, the damping ratio would be -1 the natural frequency:
$$ 2 \,\,\,\, \dfrac{ \text{Rad} }{ \text{Sec} } $$
You can take the inverse laplace transform of G(s) and see for yourself:
$$
G(s) \rightarrow g(t) = 2e^{-t} \cos(2t) - \dfrac{1}{2} e^{-t} \sin(t)
$$
$$
g(t) = y_{h}(t)= \dfrac{\sqrt{17}e^{-t} }{2} \cos(2t - \arctan(0.25) )
$$
$$ \text{The inverse laplace transform of a systems transfer function is the homogenous solution of that systems ODE} $$
$$ \textbf{My questions, please see } $$
I am not 100 percent sure if my solution is correct. Can you please confirm? If possible, later you can suggest an alternative path too. secondly why is the transfer function denoted G(s) ? It is usually denoted H(s) (impulse response) where G(s) is the unit step response.
 
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Related to Parameters of a non-standard second-order transfer function

1. What is a non-standard second-order transfer function?

A non-standard second-order transfer function is a mathematical representation of a system's response to an input signal. It is used to describe the relationship between the input and output of a system in terms of its parameters, such as gain, frequency, and damping ratio.

2. What are the parameters of a non-standard second-order transfer function?

The parameters of a non-standard second-order transfer function include the gain, frequency, damping ratio, and time delay. These parameters determine the behavior and characteristics of the system's response to an input signal.

3. How do you determine the gain of a non-standard second-order transfer function?

The gain of a non-standard second-order transfer function is determined by the ratio of the output to the input signal. It is often denoted as K and represents the amplification or attenuation of the input signal.

4. What is the frequency response of a non-standard second-order transfer function?

The frequency response of a non-standard second-order transfer function is a plot of the system's output amplitude and phase shift as a function of frequency. It gives insight into how the system responds to different frequencies of the input signal.

5. How does the damping ratio affect the behavior of a non-standard second-order transfer function?

The damping ratio, denoted as ζ, determines the amount of damping in the system and affects the speed and stability of the system's response. A higher damping ratio results in a slower and more stable response, while a lower damping ratio can lead to oscillations and instability.

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