Momentum of blocks compressing spring

In summary, the problem involves two blocks with different masses and velocities colliding on a frictionless surface, with a spring attached to one of the blocks. The goal is to find the maximum compression of the spring at the instant the blocks have the same velocity. To solve this, the energy lost by the blocks is assumed to be stored in the spring, and the energy of the spring is calculated using the spring constant and displacement.
  • #1
Mugen Prospec
42
0

Homework Statement


In the figure below, block 1 (mass 1.6 kg) is moving rightward at 8 m/s and block 2 (mass 4.2 kg) is moving rightward at 2.8 m/s. The surface is frictionless, and a spring with spring constant of 1120 N/m is fixed to block 2. When the blocks collide, the compression of the spring is maximum at the instant the blocks have the same velocity. Find the maximum compression.

Homework Equations


mv+mv=mv
not sure what spring equation is needed.

The Attempt at a Solution

Tried taking the velocity of the system them puting that into kinetic energy = spring energy but that was not right.
 
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  • #2
What is the change in velocity of each block when they are both moving at the same speed? What is that speed?

Your approach is right but not all the energy is in the spring - just the lost energy. Assume that the energy that is lost by the blocks is stored in the spring. (hint: The energy of the spring is .5kx^2 where k is the spring constant and x is the displacement from equilibrium).

AM
 
  • #3
Oh ok so the total kinetic energy plus the spring energy equals the original energy of the system. I might not have said the right but I understand what your saying. I was just having a hard time figuring out where the energy went but then, like you showed, it wasnt a perfectly elastic collision.
Thank you Andrew
 

Related to Momentum of blocks compressing spring

1. What is momentum?

Momentum is a measure of the quantity of motion an object has. It is calculated by multiplying an object's mass by its velocity.

2. How does the compression of a spring affect the momentum of a block?

When a spring is compressed, it stores potential energy. This potential energy is then converted into kinetic energy as the spring expands, increasing the velocity of the block and therefore its momentum.

3. Can the momentum of a block be conserved during the compression of a spring?

Yes, the total momentum of the block and the spring system can be conserved if the system is isolated and there are no external forces acting on it.

4. How does the mass of the block affect its momentum during the compression of a spring?

The momentum of the block is directly proportional to its mass. This means that a heavier block will have a higher momentum compared to a lighter block when compressed by the same spring.

5. Is the momentum of the block affected by the spring's spring constant?

Yes, the spring constant, which is a measure of the stiffness of the spring, affects the amount of potential energy stored in the spring and therefore the momentum of the block. A higher spring constant will result in a greater increase in the block's momentum when compressed.

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