Mitochondria: Nucleus or No Nucleus?

In summary, mitochondria have their own genome and machinery for making RNA and proteins, but also rely on proteins from the nuclear genome. The synchronization of mitochondrial and cellular replication is important, though not fully understood. Unlike cells with a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria's transcription and translation processes resemble those of bacteria. This topic is explored in chapter 14 of "Molecular biology of the cell" by Alberts et. al and relates to the origins of aerobic life.
  • #1
pal8991
1
0
Do mitochondria have like tiny nucleus? and if not how do they control their DNA replication and translation...


thnx
 
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  • #2
Mitochondria do indeed have their own genome, as well as their own machinery for making RNA and proteins from the genome. There are additional proteins that are synthesized from the nuclear genome and are imported into the mitochondria. As a result, it's the synchronization of mitochondrial and cellular replication that is the key point to understand (and it is not yet understood).

Alberts et. al "Molecular biology of the cell" has extensive material on the subject in chapter 14. It's a fascinating topic that relates to the origins of aerobic life.
 
  • #3
However, mitochondria do not have a membrane-bound nuclei. Their transcription and translation resembles these processes in bacterial cells, which also have no nuclei.
 

Related to Mitochondria: Nucleus or No Nucleus?

1. What is the main function of mitochondria?

Mitochondria are responsible for producing the majority of the energy needed for cellular processes, through a process called cellular respiration.

2. Does mitochondria have its own nucleus?

No, mitochondria do not have their own nucleus. They are considered semi-autonomous organelles, meaning they have their own genetic material and can replicate independently, but they still rely on the cell's nucleus for certain functions.

3. How are mitochondria different from other organelles?

Mitochondria are unique in that they have their own DNA and can self-replicate, while other organelles do not. They also have a double membrane, with the inner membrane being highly folded to increase surface area for energy production.

4. Can mitochondria be found in all types of cells?

Yes, mitochondria can be found in nearly all types of eukaryotic cells, including plant and animal cells. However, there are some exceptions, such as red blood cells, which do not have mitochondria.

5. What happens when mitochondria malfunction?

Mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to a range of health issues, as they are essential for providing energy to cells. This dysfunction can be caused by genetic mutations, environmental factors, and aging. Some diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes.

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