Minimal coupling in general relativity

In summary, the Einstein-Maxwell action describes the coupling of gravity and electromagnetism. The equations of motion derived from this action are the Einstein field equations and the condition that the electromagnetic field tensor reduces to ##\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}## in curved spacetime. This also means that the equation ##\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## reduces to ##\partial_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## in curved spacetime.
  • #1
spaghetti3451
1,344
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Consider the Einstein-Maxwell action (setting units ##G_{N}=1##),

$$S = \frac{1}{16\pi}\int d^{4}x\sqrt{-g}\ (R-F^{\mu\nu}F_{\mu\nu})$$

where

$$F_{\mu\nu} = \nabla_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\nabla_{\nu}A_{\mu} = \partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}.$$

This describes gravity coupled to electromagnetism. The equations of motion derived from this action are

$$R_{\mu\nu}-\frac{1}{2}g_{\mu\nu}R = 8\pi T_{\mu\nu}$$
$$\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0.$$

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Why does the electromagnetic field tensor ##F_{\mu\nu}## reduce to ##\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}## even in curved spacetime?

Would this not mean that the equation ##\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## would also reduce to ##\partial_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## even in curved spacetime?
 
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  • #2
spaghetti3451 said:
Consider the Einstein-Maxwell action (setting units ##G_{N}=1##),

$$S = \frac{1}{16\pi}\int d^{4}x\sqrt{-g}\ (R-F^{\mu\nu}F_{\mu\nu})$$

where

$$F_{\mu\nu} = \nabla_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\nabla_{\nu}A_{\mu} = \partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}.$$

This describes gravity coupled to electromagnetism. The equations of motion derived from this action are

$$R_{\mu\nu}-\frac{1}{2}g_{\mu\nu}R = 8\pi T_{\mu\nu}$$
$$\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0.$$

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Why does the electromagnetic field tensor ##F_{\mu\nu}## reduce to ##\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}## even in curved spacetime?

Would this not mean that the equation ##\nabla_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## would also reduce to ##\partial_{\mu}F^{\mu\nu} = 0## even in curved spacetime?

The first why is simply some calculation. Do it and convince yourself.
 
  • #3
dextercioby said:
The first why is simply some calculation. Do it and convince yourself.

Can you help me get started?
 
  • #4
What is ##\nabla_{\mu}A_{\nu}## equal to ?
 
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Related to Minimal coupling in general relativity

What is minimal coupling in general relativity?

Minimal coupling is a concept in general relativity that refers to the way in which matter and energy interact with the gravitational field. It assumes that the only way in which matter and energy can interact with gravity is through the curvature of spacetime.

Why is minimal coupling important in general relativity?

Minimal coupling is an important concept in general relativity because it allows for a consistent framework in which to understand the behavior of matter and energy in the presence of gravity. It also helps to simplify the equations of general relativity and make them more manageable to solve.

How does minimal coupling differ from other forms of coupling in general relativity?

Minimal coupling differs from other forms of coupling in general relativity, such as non-minimal coupling and conformal coupling, in that it assumes the simplest possible interaction between matter and the gravitational field. Non-minimal coupling, on the other hand, allows for more complex interactions and conformal coupling assumes a conformal symmetry between the matter and gravitational fields.

What are the implications of minimal coupling for the behavior of matter and energy in the universe?

The implications of minimal coupling for the behavior of matter and energy in the universe are vast. It allows for the understanding of phenomena such as black holes, gravitational waves, and the expansion of the universe. It also plays a crucial role in the understanding of the early universe and the formation of large-scale structures.

Are there any limitations to minimal coupling in general relativity?

While minimal coupling is a powerful concept in general relativity, it does have some limitations. For instance, it assumes that matter and energy do not affect the curvature of spacetime, which may not always be the case. It also does not fully account for the effects of quantum mechanics on the behavior of matter and energy in the gravitational field.

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