Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy Exercise

In summary, the conversation discusses using the Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy to determine the velocity of a mass hanging from a thread when it goes down from a height of 2.5m. The equation used is ##\Delta K + \Delta U = 0## and the resulting velocity is 3m/s.
  • #1
Kernul
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Homework Statement


A mass ##m_1 = 5.0 kg## is hanging from the end of a thread, of negligible mass, that slides on a pulley, of negligible mass too and without friction. At the other end of the thread, at the same height of ##m_1##, there is another hanging mass ##m_2 = 3.5 kg##. Using the Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy, determine the velocity of ##m_1## when it goes down, starting still, of a height of ##2.5 m##.

Homework Equations


##E = K + U##
##K_f + U_f = K_0 + U_0 \Rightarrow E = const##

The Attempt at a Solution


So, since we have two masses that move at the same time but have different masses, we can start writing these:
##K_0 = \frac{1}{2} * m_1 * v_0^2 + \frac{1}{2} * m_2 * v_0^2##
But since we know it starts still, ##v_0 = 0## and so ##K_0 = 0##.
##U_0 = 0## because it hasn't moved yet.
##K_f = \frac{1}{2} * m_1 * v_f^2 + \frac{1}{2} * m_2 * v_f^2##
with ##v_f## being the velocity we are searching for.
##U_f = m_2 * g * h - m_1 * g * h##
So, using the second relevant equation we have:
##K_f = - U_f##
##\frac{1}{2} * m_1 * v_f^2 + \frac{1}{2} * m_2 * v_f^2 = m_1 * g * h - m_2 * g * h##
##\frac{v_f^2}{2}(m_1 + m_2) = g * h(m_1 - m_2)##
##v_f =\sqrt{ \frac{2 * g * h(m_1 - m_2)}{(m_1 + m_2)}} = 3 \frac{m}{s}##
Is this method I used to find the velocity with the law good? Or I could have done better and faster?
 
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  • #2
This is about it, can't do much better than ##\Delta K + \Delta U = 0## :smile:
 
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  • #3
Okay! Thank you for replying! :D
 
  • #4
You're welcome.
 

1. What is the law of conservation of mechanical energy exercise?

The law of conservation of mechanical energy exercise is a fundamental principle in physics that states that the total mechanical energy of a system remains constant as long as there is no external work or non-conservative forces acting on the system. This means that the sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of an object or system will remain the same over time.

2. How is mechanical energy calculated?

Mechanical energy is calculated by adding the kinetic energy and potential energy of an object or system. Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, and is calculated using the formula KE = 1/2mv^2, where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity. Potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position or configuration, and is calculated using the formula PE = mgh, where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the object.

3. What is an example of the law of conservation of mechanical energy exercise in everyday life?

An example of the law of conservation of mechanical energy exercise in everyday life is a pendulum. As the pendulum swings back and forth, its total mechanical energy (kinetic energy + potential energy) remains constant. At the highest point of its swing, the pendulum has maximum potential energy and minimum kinetic energy, and at the lowest point of its swing, it has maximum kinetic energy and minimum potential energy. This exchange between potential and kinetic energy continues as long as there is no external work or non-conservative forces acting on the pendulum.

4. How does the law of conservation of mechanical energy exercise apply to real-world situations?

The law of conservation of mechanical energy exercise applies to real-world situations by helping us understand and predict the behavior of physical systems. It is used in a wide range of fields, including engineering, mechanics, and thermodynamics, to analyze and design systems and devices. For example, roller coasters and other amusement park rides are designed using the principles of conservation of mechanical energy to ensure they are safe and thrilling for riders.

5. What happens if the law of conservation of mechanical energy exercise is violated?

If the law of conservation of mechanical energy exercise is violated, it means that the total mechanical energy of a system is not remaining constant. This can happen if there is external work being done on the system or if non-conservative forces, such as friction or air resistance, are present. In such cases, the mechanical energy of the system will decrease over time. Violations of this law can lead to unexpected and potentially dangerous outcomes in real-world situations, highlighting the importance of understanding and applying this principle in scientific research and engineering.

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