A Galilean transformation is a mathematical tool used in classical physics to convert measurements and coordinates between different frames of reference that are moving at constant velocities relative to each other.
A Galilean transformation only applies to situations where the relative velocities between frames of reference are much smaller than the speed of light, while a Lorentz transformation is used for situations involving high velocities and the effects of relativity.
A Galilean transformation is used in classical mechanics to simplify calculations and equations for objects moving at non-relativistic speeds.
No, a Galilean transformation is only valid for motion that is linear and does not involve acceleration or rotation. It also assumes that the measurements are made in an inertial frame of reference.
The main limitation of a Galilean transformation is that it does not account for the effects of relativity, which become significant at high velocities. It also cannot be used for non-linear motion or situations where there is acceleration or rotation.