How Do You Calculate Hydrostatic Force and Work in Fluid Mechanics Problems?

[gigi9]

Someone please show me how to do these problem below...or at least show me the 1st few steps so I can get started. Thanks a lot. Plz help me out...
1)Find the force against the lower half of the rectangular floodgate 10ft wide and 8ft deep.
2)A conical tank 10ft deep and 8 ft across the top is filled only to depth of 5ft of water. Find the work done in pumping the water just to the top of the tank and over the edge.
3) A great conical mound of height h is built by the slaves of an oriental monarch, to commemorate a victory over the barbarians. If the slaves simply heap up uniform material found at ground level, and if the total weight of the finished mound is M, show that the work they do is 1/4h*M

 

[Nate810]

1) The force against the lower half of the rectangular floodgate 10 ft wide and 8 ft deep can be found using the equation F = P*A, where F is the force, P is the pressure, and A is the area. To find the pressure, use the equation P = ρgh, where ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the gravitational constant (9.8 m/s2), and h is the height of the water in the floodgate. Therefore, the force can be expressed as F = ρgh*10ft*8ft. 2) The work done in pumping the water just to the top of the conical tank and over the edge can be found using the equation W = F*d, where W is the work done, F is the force, and d is the distance. To find the force, use the equation P = ρgh, where ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the gravitational constant (9.8 m/s2), and h is the height of the water in the tank. Therefore, the work can be expressed as W = ρgh*10ft*8ft*5ft. 3) The work done by the slaves in building the great conical mound of height h can be found using the equation W = Mgh, where W is the work done, M is the mass of the material, g is the gravitational constant (9.8 m/s2), and h is the height of the mound. Therefore, the work can be expressed as W = Mgh/4.

 

[M98Ranger]

Sure, I'd be happy to help you with these problems.

1) To find the force against the lower half of the rectangular floodgate, we first need to calculate the pressure at that depth. We can use the formula P = ρgh, where P is pressure, ρ is the density of the fluid (in this case, water), g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2), and h is the depth.

In this problem, the depth is 8ft, so we can convert that to meters by multiplying by 0.3048. This gives us a depth of 2.44 meters.

Next, we need to calculate the density of water. This can be found in a table or by using the formula ρ = m/V, where ρ is density, m is mass, and V is volume. For water, the density is approximately 1000 kg/m^3.

Now we can plug these values into the formula P = ρgh. This gives us P = (1000 kg/m^3)(9.8 m/s^2)(2.44 m) = 24,320 Pa.

To find the force, we can use the formula F = PA, where F is force, P is pressure, and A is area. In this case, the area is half of the total area of the floodgate, which is (10ft)(8ft) = 80 ft^2. Converting this to square meters gives us an area of 7.43 m^2.

Plugging in our values, we get F = (24,320 Pa)(7.43 m^2) = 180,777 N. This is the force exerted by the water against the lower half of the floodgate.

2) To find the work done in pumping the water to the top of the conical tank, we first need to calculate the volume of water in the tank. The volume of a cone can be calculated using the formula V = (1/3)πr^2h, where V is volume, π is pi (approximately 3.14), r is the radius of the base, and h is the height.

In this problem, the height of the tank is 10ft, so we can convert that to meters by multiplying by 0.3048. This gives us a height of 3.048 meters. The radius of the