How does a photon gain momentum?

In summary, the momentum of a photon is directly proportional to its energy, and it can gain momentum without having mass due to its wave-like properties. This momentum can also be changed through interactions with other particles or objects, and is inversely proportional to the photon's wavelength. The momentum of a photon can be observed experimentally through various methods, including the Compton scattering experiment and measuring the pressure exerted by a photon beam on a surface.
  • #1
Lorentz Trans
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If a photon has no mass, why does it have momentum? How is it calculated?
 
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  • #2
Lorentz Trans said:
If a photon has no mass, why does it have momentum? How is it calculated?

Please start by reading the FAQ sub-forum in the Relativity forum.

Zz.
 

Related to How does a photon gain momentum?

1. How is momentum related to a photon's energy?

Momentum is directly proportional to energy for a photon. This means that the higher the energy of a photon, the greater the momentum it carries. This relationship is described by the equation p = E/c, where p is the momentum, E is the energy, and c is the speed of light.

2. How does a photon gain momentum without having mass?

Unlike other particles, photons do not have mass. However, they do have energy and momentum due to their wave-like properties. As a photon travels through space, it oscillates between electric and magnetic fields, which creates a disturbance in the fields and carries momentum.

3. Can a photon's momentum be changed?

Yes, a photon's momentum can be changed through interactions with other particles or objects. For example, when a photon is absorbed by an atom, it transfers its momentum to the atom, causing it to recoil. Similarly, when a photon is emitted by an atom, it gains momentum from the atom's recoil.

4. How does the wavelength of a photon affect its momentum?

The momentum of a photon is inversely proportional to its wavelength. This means that shorter-wavelength photons have higher momentum than longer-wavelength photons. This relationship is described by the equation p = h/λ, where p is the momentum, h is Planck's constant, and λ is the wavelength of the photon.

5. Can the momentum of a photon be observed experimentally?

Yes, the momentum of a photon can be observed through various experiments, such as the Compton scattering experiment. In this experiment, the momentum of a photon can be measured by observing the change in its wavelength after scattering off an electron. Additionally, the pressure exerted by a beam of photons on a surface can also be used to indirectly measure their momentum.

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