The value of gravitational acceleration (g) is determined by measuring the time it takes for an object to fall a certain distance and using the formula g = 2d/t2, where d is the distance and t is the time. This is typically done by dropping objects from a known height and using a timer to measure the time it takes for the object to fall.
According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, the mass of an object does not affect its acceleration due to gravity. All objects, regardless of their mass, will accelerate towards the Earth at the same rate of 9.8 m/s2.
The value of g on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s2. However, this value can vary slightly depending on the location on Earth and the altitude above sea level. For example, at the equator, the value of g is slightly lower due to the Earth's rotation.
Air resistance can affect the calculation of g by slowing down the rate at which an object falls. This means that the object will take longer to reach the ground and the value of g calculated using the formula g = 2d/t2 will be slightly lower than the actual value. To get a more accurate value of g, experiments should be conducted in a vacuum or with minimal air resistance.
No, g cannot be negative. The minus sign in the formula g = 2d/t2 indicates that the acceleration due to gravity is directed towards the center of the Earth. While the value of g can vary depending on the direction and location, it will always be a positive value.