Explosive separation with conservation of momentum and energy

In summary, an 8.20-kg object sliding at 2.34 m/s on ice splits into two equal chunks due to an internal explosion, adding 16 J of kinetic energy to the system. The average acceleration of the two chunks can be calculated using six equations with six unknowns, where the masses and velocities of the two pieces are equal. This simplifies the equations significantly, making it possible to solve for the average acceleration.
  • #1
bkraabel
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Homework Statement


An 8.20-kg object is sliding across the ice at 2.34 m/s. An internal explosion occurs, splitting the object into two equal chunks and adding 16 J of kinetic energy to the system. What is the average acceleration of the two chunks if the explosive separation takes place over a 0.16-s time interval?

Homework Equations


Let [itex]M=8.2[/itex] kg be the mass of the object before the explosion.
Let the mass of the two pieces after explosion be [itex]m_1,\quad m_2[/itex]
Let their velocities be [itex]v_1,\quad v_2[/itex]
Let their accelerations be [itex]a_1,\quad a_2[/itex]
Work in cm frame, so initial kinetic energy is zero.
change in kinetic energy is still 16 J.

The Attempt at a Solution


I get six equations with six unknowns, but I can't solve them!

(1) [itex]m_1+ m_2 = M[/itex]
(2) [itex]\frac {a_1}{a_2}=- \frac{m_1}{m_2}[/itex]
(3) [itex]0=m_1v_1+m_2v_2[/itex]
(4) [itex]\Delta K=\frac12m_1v_1^2+\frac12m_2v_2^2[/itex]
(5) [itex]v_1=a_1t[/itex]
(6) [itex]v_2=a_2t[/itex]
 
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  • #2
"two equal chunks" - they have the same mass, that simplifies the equations a lot.
 
  • #3
Duh! thanks...
 

Related to Explosive separation with conservation of momentum and energy

1. What is explosive separation with conservation of momentum and energy?

Explosive separation with conservation of momentum and energy is a physical phenomenon in which a forceful explosion or detonation causes an object to break into multiple pieces while maintaining the conservation of both momentum and energy.

2. How is momentum conserved in explosive separation?

Momentum is conserved in explosive separation because the total momentum of the broken pieces after the explosion is equal to the total momentum of the original object before the explosion. This means that the sum of the mass of each piece multiplied by its velocity will be equal to the initial momentum of the object.

3. What is the role of energy conservation in explosive separation?

Energy conservation is important in explosive separation because it ensures that the total amount of energy in the system before and after the explosion remains the same. This means that the energy released by the explosion must be equal to the initial energy of the object before the explosion.

4. What factors affect the explosive separation with conservation of momentum and energy?

The main factors that affect explosive separation with conservation of momentum and energy are the type and amount of explosive used, the shape and size of the object being exploded, and any external forces acting on the object (such as gravity or air resistance).

5. Can explosive separation with conservation of momentum and energy be observed in everyday situations?

Yes, explosive separation with conservation of momentum and energy can be observed in many everyday situations, such as the breaking of a glass bottle, the explosion of a firework, or the fragmentation of a bomb. It is also a common phenomenon in industrial processes, such as mining and demolition.

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